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Benzalkonium chloride is an organic salt that is categorized as a quaternary ammonium compound. Also known as alkyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride, Benzalkonium chloride has 3 main categories of use- as a cationic surfactant, a phase transfer agent, and a biocide. It is highly active against a broad spectrum of fungi, molds, bacteria, and viruses. The chemical is commonly found in various household cleaning products.
Benzalkonium Chloride is commonly used in the pharmaceutical formulation as an antimicrobial agent and preservative. It is also used as a surfactant. The chemical works by killing microorganisms and restricting their future growth, and for this reason, it is used as an ingredient in antiseptic creams, anti-itch ointments, and antibacterial hand wipes. Benzalkonium Chloride’s antimicrobial properties are effective in protecting cosmetic products from spoiling. It is usually used in various personal care products like foot odor powders, facial lotions, rash creams, cleansers, makeup products, and sunscreen lotions.
Short-term exposure to Benzalkonium chloride can cause irritation in the eyes and skin and long-term exposure may cause dermatitis.