Bluewater

Goa

Softening means removal of hardness causing salts like calcium and magnesium from water. Calcium and magnesium salts are known to form hard scales on heat transfer surfaces reducing efficiency of heat transfer equipment. Also these salts reduce the effectiveness of soaps and detergents through side reactions. Thus softening becomes essential to reduce the direct and indirect costs associated with the undesirable effects of these hardness causing salts. Conventional softening process is based on the principle of ion exchange wherein the hardness causing salts are exchanged with other cations like sodium, etc., by resins. Periodically the resin bed gets exhausted and has to be regenerated with concentrated sodium salts.

Demineralization as the term suggests, is removal of mineral salts, i.e. dissolved salts from liquid streams. De-mineralised water is required for many industrial applications, to avoid undesirable side reactions with the salts present in water. One can apply the principle of ion-exchange or reverse osmosis or both for removal of salts. The scheme selection depends on the dissolved solid load in the input stream and also on the desired quality of output stream. One may include reverse osmosis if the input stream contains high amounts of dissolved solids followed by ion exchange. Else only ion exchange may siffice. A mixed bed system based on ion exchange becomes necessary when the desired output quality demands very low conductivity.

Deionization is normally referred to the the final processing step in demineralization. Deionization is the complete removal of ions (other than water ions) present in water. A mixed bed of resins can be employed after demineralization to remove the final contaminants. Another method is to employ electrodeionization (EDI) to achieve deionization. Electrodeionization makes use of a combination of ion exchange resins, ion selective membranes and electricity to purify water. The main advantage of EDI systems is that these EDI units do not require chemical regeneration steps, thus avoiding hassles. Our units are the best in the industry as regards the quality of treated water, energy consumption and manitenance. Quality obtained from these units is of very high standards.

Metals in water, especially dissolved Iron and Manganese, create lot of problems to water distribution systems. Hence its treatment andor removal becomes necessary. Different methodologies are adopted for removal of the impurities. Oxidation by aeration is a commonly adopted procedure for large facilities. Others employ filtration wherein special filter media is used which catalytically oxidize iron and manganese with the presence of dissolved ozygen in water. Water may be subjected to pre-treated by chlorination, as chlorine can also oxidize a few metals at different pH settings. Normally a combination of processes are adopted to remove metals for effective treatment. Precipitation of metals at different pH levels is also employed in some cases. We are introducing an alternative to conventional methods for the treatment of Iron and Manganese. The system incorporates hydro-automatic gravity filter and proprietory aeration system and is non-reagent type compact system. Benefits are, capital cost reductions, low operating costs and effective treatment.

pH balance is very essential and critical for many biological and chemical processes, hence it is paramount to control and monitor the same. An imbalance in pH can cause both loss and disaster. Corrosion, scaling, inefficient or undesirable biological or chemical reactions, are all the result of imbalance in pH. Thus the need arises for precise control of pH with proper systems in place. Precision dosing systems like metering pumps, solenoid operated diaphragm type or plunger type, do the job quite well and to satisfaction. We have in our range, metering pumps that are trouble free and which require less maintenance and monitoring.

The objective of sewage treatment is basically to satisfy the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) as well as chemical oxygen demand (COD) of wastewater. It is important to satisfy these demands to safeguard the biological life downstream. When the treated streams join natural water stream or bodies, one has to ensure that it should not deplete oxygen available in those streams, else all biological life will be in dander. Conventional treatment comprises of aeration that satisfies both BOD and COD demands. The typical treatment regime comprises of oxidation, nitrification followed by denitrification steps. Packaged treatment plants make use of either fixed or floating plastic media to facilitate attached growth of bacteria. This reduces the size of the plant. Also smell reduction can be a achieved in packaged plants.

Rainwater in the true sense is water collected from roof tops. Rainwater too carries contaminants, thus it needs to be treated before further use. Since rainwater carries dirt, bacteria and dissolved gasses, it should be subjected to treatments like filtration, disinfection and degassification. Atmospheric gasses namely carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulphide are the main gaseous element dissolved in rainwater turning the water slightly acidic. Acidic water if not treated will corrode distribution pipelines and containers of metallic constructions. For rainwater harvesting all that is needed is a collection system and storage for both untreated and treated water. By further filtration, treated water can be used for domestic purpose or for industrial use as the case maybe.

Sludge treatment i.e. biosolids treatment is the last step in wastewater treatment. Sludge has to be either treated or disposed appropriately to maintain hygienic conditions. Sludge can be subjected to composting or to generate biogas. Not all can be converted into biogas, hence the need arising finally to stabilise it. Biosolids itself is a good soil conditioner and fertiliser. Either biosolids are applied directly to plants or dewatered to make it dry and easy for handling. Dewatering of biosolids can be achieved through belt filters, centrifuges, screw presses, drying beds, etc. But these processes expend additional energy and labour. Alternatively, reed bed systems can be employed to achieve dewatering as well as to improve the aesthetics.

Stormwater or runoff is rainwater that is not collected but which flows naturally in streams and water bodies. Obviously stormwater will have more contaminants than rainwater and need special treatment. Besides dirt, bacteria and dissolved gasses, stormwater also contains dissolved solids and metals, thus the treatment needs more steps. But unlike rainwater harvesting, the main advantage of storwater harvesting is that it does not require collection systems, resulting in cost savings. Treated streams can be utilised for domestic or for industrial use.

Any liquid streams that flow out or is discharged from homes or industries broadly fall under the term 'effluent'. Hence effluent can be wastewater flowing from septic tanks, wastewater flowing from kitchen drains, laundry wastewater, water from bathrooms, wastewater from industries, etc. Effluent treatment is more difficult than sewage treatment on account of varying composition of contaminants. Secondly the treatment regime differs for different type of effluents. Effluent treatment becomes somewhat less complex when treated separately as compared to treating mixed streams. Thorough knowledge and sound design practices have to be applied to solve a given problem effectively.

Solar cooking is one of the most economical way of cooking food. Frying, boiling and heating are all possible with solar cooking systems. Different configurations, designs and sizes are available, also the material of construction differs from system to system. Nevertheless the systems are reliable. Payback period varies from a mere six months for smaller systems to four years for larger ones. We market quality products that last long and are efficient.