Childhood vaccines protect children from a variety of serious or potentially fatal diseases, including diphtheria, measles, meningitis, polio, tetanus and whooping cough. If these diseases seem uncommon or even unheard of its usually because these vaccines are doing their job. Vaccination is one of the most effective child survival intrusions. Vaccination is given to children to avoid the risk of diseases. The first vaccine (small pox) was discovered in 1798 in india. One of the best small pox recorded outbreak was reported from goa when an average of 8000 children died. India is among the major buyers and makers ofvaccines locally as well as globally. Origin of vaccinesvaccination is a miracle of modern medicines. In the past 50 years, with the invention of vaccination, in its own modern era, edward jenner could save many people worldwide. In 1958, there were many cases of measles in the united states which resulted in death. After the introduction of new vaccines for measles, the number of cases dropped to lesser amount. Small pox used to be a common disease throughout the world which also resulted in twenty to thirty percent death of infected people.