Medical Equipment #139667

BH Curve Apparatus

The Instrument is designed to draw the characteristics BH Curve of a transformer.

The instrument has built-in power supply 0 - 10 - 20 - 30 V AC with transformer output variable by a pot and load resistance.

2 Terminals are provided for connectins for X and Y and 3rd common for CRO.

Complete with Manual and Connection Wire.

E-1208 B Same as above, with coil and Different Special for BH Curve.

Complete with Manual and Connection Wire.

Aii New Thevenin Theoram

According to Thevenin's theoram, any two terminal linear network can be replaced by an equivalent circuit consisting of a voltage source (Vth) and a series resistance (Rth). the Thevenin voltage Vth is the open circuit voltage at the output terminals and the Thevenin resistance Rth is equal to the resistance between the output terminals, when the voltage sources in the network are replaced by their internal resistances. (The Thevenin resistances is also equal to the ratio of the open circuit voltages to the short circuit current at the output terminals).

By making an electrical network and its Thevenin equivalent circuit, the voltages and currents in the two circuits, for various load resistances are compared.

Specifications:

Power Supply: 0 - 6 V DC Variable at 1000 mA

Resistances: 5 of different values 100, 220, 330, 520, 560 ohms etc.

Potentiometer: For variable Resistance/Step Switch

Voltmeter: 0 to 6 Volt DC 65 mm round

Optional: Digital Multimter (for Resistance).

Complete with Manual and Connection Wire.

Demorgan Theoram

Power Supply For Kelvin Bridge

Trainer Digital 'Insif'

AND, NAND, OR, NOR, EX OR EXNOR, RS FLIP/FLOP realization boolean expression half adder.

Impedance and Power Factor in LCR Circuit

Impedance:

Inalternating current circuit the ratio of potential difference across the circuit and the current flowing therein is termed as impedance and is denoted by Z. Basically impedance of an AC circuit is the resistance offered by AC circuit to the flow of alternating current through it.

In an AC circuit contains pure inductance the current through the inductance is also alternating and sinusoidal in nature having the same frequency of alternation, but lags behind applied voltage by an angle pie/ 2 (90). The current in inductance L is obtained by dividing the voltage across it by jwL. Thus impedance of an inductance is jwL.

Specifications:

Power Supply: 0 - 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 V AC regulated

In steps as a oscillator 50 Hz

Milliammeter: 0 to 25 mA AC rectifier type

High Impedance round 65 mm

Voltmeter: 0 - 5 V / 0 - 50 V AC rectifier type

High Impedance round 65 mm

Inductance(L): As required by circuit approx. 0 - 85 H

Capacitor(C): Electrolytic as required 2.2 uF

Resistance(R): 1000 ohms carbon or as required

Patch Cords: As per requirement 4 pairs

Connections can be done and optimum resonance or impedance of LCR circuit can be achieved to plot graph.

Optional:

Oscillator 10 Hz to 100 KHz.

Function Generator 10 Hz to 100 KHz.

Complete with Manual and Connection Wire.

Milicon Oil Drop Apparatus 'Insif'

Special Telescope, Automiser, Chamber, Lamp, etc.

Special Telescope, Automiser, Chamber, Lamp with Power Supply.

Dual Power Supply

For Zener and P. N. Junction Diode characteristic apparatus. A unit useful for P. N. Junction Diode characteristic apparatus / Semi conductor characteristic apparatus, providing twocontinuously variable DC outputs. Both outputs (provided with separate pair of terminals) of these power supplies can be operated independently of each other.

Output 0 - 30 Volt DC at 25 mA

Output 0 - 1.5 Volt DC at 25 mA.

Supplied with two round 65 m meters.

Fitted in metal box.

Complete with Manual and Connecting Wire.

Regulation better than 2 % on full load.

Output 2.0 to 12 Volt DC at 1 Amp.

Output 2.0 to 12 Volt DC at 2 Amp.

Output 2.0 to 12 Volt DC at 3 Amp

Complete with Manual and Connecting Wire.

CRO-15 MHz Single Beam Pacific POS-20A

Half Wave Full Wave Rectifier

The Time Constant of Charging / Discharging of Capacitor same as EC - 370.

Complete with Manual and Connecting Wire.

E-1221B Current Flow of Charging / Discharging of Capacitor same as EC - 370.

Complete with Manual and Connecting Wire.

LCR Audio Oscillator

Hibbert Magnetic Standard

Energy Gap In GE Crystal 4 Probe Method:

The Four Probe Method is one of the standard and most widely used methods for the measurement of resistivity of semi-conductors. The error due to contact resistance, which is specially serious in the electrical measurement on semi-conductors, is avoided by the use of two extra contacts (probes) between the current contacts. As long as the resistance of the crystal and contact resistances are small compared with the effective resistance of the voltage measuring device (potentiometer, electrometer or electronic voltmeter), the measured value will remain unaffected. Because of pressure contacts, the arrangement is also specially useful for quick measurement on different crustals or sampling different parts of the crystal.

Probe Arrangement: It has four individually spring loaded probes,

Sample: Germanium crystal in the form of a chip.
Oven: It is a small oven for the variation of temperature.
Four Probe Set-up: Set-up consists of three units.

Multirange Digital Voltmeter:

Specifications:

Range: X1 (0 - 200.0 mV) & X10 (0 - 2.000 V)
Resolution: 100 uV at X 1 range
Accuracy: + 0.1 % of reading + 1 Digit
Impedance: 1 M
Display: 3-1/2 digit, 7 segment LED (12.5 mm height) with auto polarity and decimal indication.
Overload Indicator: Sign of 1 on the left and blanking of other digits.

Constant Current Generator.

Specifications:

Open Circuit Voltage: 18 V
Current Range: 0 - 20 mA
Resolution: 10 uA
Accuracy: + 0.25% of the reading + 1 Digit
Load Regulation: 0.03% for 0 to full load
Line Regulation: 0.05% for 10% changes

Oven Power Supply:

Glowing Led Indicates, when the oven power supply is 'ON'.

Complete with Manual and Connection Wire.

Hall Effect:

Aim: Practical Physics Object

Apparatuses Required:

Electromagnet: For Magnetic Field

Power Supply: For Magnet

Hall Effect Set-up: For Hall Probe

Hall Probe P type: For above

Hall Probe N type: For above (Optional)

Digital Gauss Meter: For Measuring Magnetic Power with Probe

EMU - 50:

EMU - 50 have the most widely used 'U' shaped soft iron yoke. The soft iron is of a special quality, structurally uniform, well machined and finished to meet the rigid standards.

The pole pieces are made from dead annealed soft iron blocks of the best quality available. They are well shaped, machined and finished. Normally flat pole pieces are supplied.

The coils are wound on non-magnetic formers with uniform layers of D.C.C. copper wire. The new and modern design of the coils provides good thermal conductivity characteristics and eliminates trouble same hot spots even at high magnetic fields.

Specifications:

Field Intensity: 11 Kg + 5% with 10 mm air-gap. The air-gap is continuously variable upto 75 mm with two way knobbed wheel screw adjusting system.
Pole Pieces: 75 mm diameter. Normally flat faced pole pieces are supplied with the magnet.
Energising Coils: Two, each coil is wound on non-magnetic formers and has a resistance of about 12 ohms.
Yoke Material: 'U' shaped soft iron.
Power Requirement: 0 - 9 V @ 3.5 A, if coils are connected in series.
0 - 45 V @ 7 A, if coils are connected in parallel.
Weight: 81 Kg.Subject to Change.

DPS - 50:

DPS - 175 is designed to be used with the electromagnet, model EMU - 50 as a constanct current power supply to generate magnetic field upto 11 KG. The current requirement of 3.0 A per coil, i.e. a total of 6 A was met by connecting six closely matched constant current sources in parallel. In this arrangement the first unit works as the 'master' with current adjustment control. All others are 'slave' units generating exactly the same current as the master. All the six constant current sources are individually IC controlled and hence result in the highest quality of performance. One advantage of this arrangement is that if a particular constant current source develops a fault, still the remaining channels would continue to operate albeit with a reduced maximum current capability. The supply is protected against transients caused by the load inductance.

Applications: Power source for electromagnets having coil resistance upto 12 ohms per coil. Reduce current for higher resistance coil. Suitable for other loads in the range 10 - 12 ohms only.

Specifications:

Current Range: Smoothly adjustable from 0 - 3 A per coil, i.e. 6 A.
Load Regulation: 0.1% for load resistance variation from zero to maximum.
Line Regulation: 0.1% for + 10% mains variation.
Protected: Electronically protected against overload or short circuit.
Display: 3 digit, 7 segmet LED DPM.
Power: 220 V + 10%, 50 Hz.

Hall Probes:

Hall Probe (Ge Crystal)

Ge single crystal with four spring - type pressure contacts is mounted on a sunmica - decorated bakelite strip. Four leads are provided for connections with measuring devices.

Technical Details:

Resistivity: 8 - 10 ohms cm
Contacts: Spring type (solid silver)
Zero-Field Potential: 1 mV (adjustable)
Hall Voltage: 25 - 35 mV / 10 mA/KG

It is designed to give a clear idea to the students about Hall Probe and is recommended for class room experiment. A minor drawback of this probe is that it may require zero adjustment. Ge single crystal n or p-type as desired.

Hall Probe (lnAs) Imported Hall Element:

Indium Arsenide crystal with 4 soldered contacts (Imported) is mounted on a PCB strip and covered with a protective layer. The Hall Element is mounted in a pen-type case and a 4-core cable is provided for connections with the measurig device and current source.

Technical Details:

Contacts: Soldered
Rated Control Current: 4 mA
Zero Field Potential: < 4 mV
Linearity (0 - 20 KG): + 0.5% or better
Hall Voltage: 60 - 70 mV / 4 mA/ KG

The crystal alongwith its four contacts is visible through the protective layer. This is mainly used as a transducer for the measurement of magnetic field.

DHE - 21:

DHE - 21 operates on the principle of Hall Effect in Semi-conductors. A semi-conductor material carrying current develops an electro-movie force, when placed in a magnetic field, in a direction perpendicular to the direction of both electric current and magnetic field. The magnitude of this e.m.f. is proportional to the field intensity if the current is kept constant, this e.m.f. is called the Hall Voltage.

This small Hall Voltage is amplified through a high stability amplifier so that a millivoltmeter connected at the output of the amplifier can be calibrated directly in magnetic field unit (gauss).

Applications:

Wide application in industry where accurate measurements of magnetic field is required.

Measurement of steady magnetic field e.g. in loud speakers, dynamos, moving coil instruments etc.

Useful in laboratory experiments involving electromagnets.

Specifications:

Range: 0 - 2 KG & 0 - 20 KG
Resolution: 1 G at 0 - 2 KG range
Accuracy: + 0.5%
Temperature: Upto 50C
Display: 3 digit, 7 segmet LED DPM
Power: 220 V + 10%, 50 Hz
Tansducer: Hall Probe with an imported

Hall Element:

Special Feature:

Indicate the direction of the magnetic field Subject to change.