
The Unix operating system was conceived and implemented in 1969, at AT&T 's Bell Labs , in the United States by Ken Thompson , Dennis Ritchie , Douglas McIlroy , and Joe Ossanna . [41] First released in 1971, Unix was written entirely in assembly language , as was common practice at the time. In 1973, in a key pioneering approach, it was rewritten in the C programming language by Dennis Ritchie (with the exception of some hardware and I/O routines). The availability of a high-level language implementation of Unix made its porting to different computer platforms easier. [42

An embedded system is a computer system —a combination of a computer processor , computer memory , and input/output peripheral devices—that has a dedicated function within a larger mechanical or electronic system. [1] [2] It is embedded as part of a complete device often including electrical or electronic hardware and mechanical parts. Because an embedded system typically controls physical operations of the machine that it is embedded within, it often has real-time computing constraints. Embedded systems control many devices in common use today. [3] In 2009 , it was estimated that ninety-eight percent of all microprocessors manufactured were used in embedded systems. [4] [ needs update ]

Very large-scale integration ( VLSI ) is the process of creating an integrated circuit (IC) by combining millions or billions of MOS transistors onto a single chip. VLSI began in the 1970s when MOS integrated circuit (Metal Oxide Semiconductor) chips were developed and then widely adopted, enabling complex semiconductor and telecommunication technologies. The microprocessor and memory chips are VLSI devices.

CCNA ( Cisco Certified Network Associate ) is an information technology (IT) certification from Cisco Systems . CCNA certification is an associate-level Cisco Career certification. [1]

Linux ( / ˈ l ɪ n ʊ k s / LIN -uuks ) [11] is a family of open-source Unix-like operating systems based on the Linux kernel , [12] an operating system kernel first released on September 17, 1991, by Linus Torvalds

WordPress (also known as WP or WordPress.org ) is a web content management system . It was originally created as a tool to publish blogs but has evolved to support publishing other web content, including more traditional websites, mailing lists and Internet forum , media galleries, membership sites, learning management systems and online stores .
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