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Guar gum, also called guaran, is a galactomannan. It is primarily the ground endosperm of guar beans. The guar seeds are dehusked, milled and screened to obtain guar gum. It is typically produced as a free-flowing, pale, off-white-colored, coarse to fine ground powder.
Pakistan, Sudan, USA and India contribute to 80% of total guar production in the world. Moreover, Rajasthan contributes to over 65% of Guar production in India , and is majorily exported to USA and European countries. Guar is grown in semi-arid climate and contains a protein and natural polymer. The protein along with the husk is used as animal feed and the natural polymer is used as a thickener to viscosify water.
This property of viscosifying water is used to modify products in various industries such as:
ndias much neglected and little-known guar gum is now the biggest agricultural item of export, upstaging the much better known items such as basmati and non-basmati rice. Guars major uses are in the area of textile, printing, thickeners, oil and gas well drilling and fracturing, water-based paints, building and construction, cosmetics, personal care and food ingredients.
WHAT IS GUAR GUM?Guar Gum is derived from endosperm of the guar plant (Cyamopsistetragonolobus). Guar is a legume crop which grows best in sandy soils and needs moderate, intermittent rainfall with a lot of sunshine.
Guar gum is a natural high molecular weight polysaccharide galactomannan, with a mannose to galactose ratio of 2:1, combined through glycosidic linkages.
KEY PROPERTIES:
The traditional market for guar gum is as an additive in the food industry. In the US, differing percentages are set for its allowable concentration in various food applications. In Europe, guar gum has EU food additive code E412.
Today, the usage and Exports of Guar Gum are in majority cases in Industrial Applications.
EXPORTSSri Ram Industries has witnessed a healthy growth in guar gum export. We have gained high momentum since 2011-12 due to the large increase of the crop in the various global industries
The primary destination of Indian guar gum has been USA, China and Germany followed by 11 other countries which include South Africa, UAE, UK, Italy, Netherlands, Hong Kong and Japan.
DERIVATIZED GUARGuar splits of any quality can be chemically modified to increase its performance (also called valued addition). This derivatized Guar is normally used for industrial applications such as:
In recent times, there has been a significant increase in demand for the guar (natural and derivatized) in the oilfield business. This is primarily due to an increase in Hydraulic Fracturing (HF) activity which has been growing year on year.
The export performance of guar gum over the years is highlighted in green in the chart below, along with the projection for 2012-13 and 2013-14 highlighted in orange:
| Food Industry | Uses |
| Bakery | Improves texture Increases dough yield Increases shelf life Improves crumb structure |
| Processed Cheese | Improves texture and flavour Stabiliser |
| Soups | Thickener Stabiliser |
| Pastry Ices | Absorbs free water Prevents excessive stickiness |
| Noodles | Improves texture and form Improves moisture retention. |
| Meat | Binder in sausages Absorbs free water Improves flow rate Prevents separation and migration |
| Dressings and Sauces | Thickener Emulsion stabiliser Improves flow properties |
| Beverages | Controls viscosity Improves body and mouth feel Improves shelf life |
| Industrial | Uses |
| Textiles | For Printing with Acid dyes on silk and Polyamide |
| Oil well drilling | Fluid-loss controlling agent Additives in fracturing fluids |
| Mining | Concentration of ores Flocculation and better recovery |
| Construction | Mortar Retarder and mortar flowability |
| Explosives | Water binding agent for aqueous slurry explosives |
| Cosmetics and Pharmaceuticals | Conditioner and viscosifier Thickener in toothpastes and shampoos Binder in tablets To disintegrate compressed tablets Mild laxative and soluble dietary fiber |
| Paper | For improved sheet formation Increased bursting strength Increased fold strength Denser surface for printing To get better finish |
Guar gum is a polysaccharide that acts as a thickener, emulsifier, and stabilizer in cosmetic formulations. Guar gum has 8 times the water-thickening potency of cornstarch, only a small amount is needed to increase the viscosity of a product (.5%-1%). It is slowly added to cool, warm or hot water to increase the viscosity.
The unique characteristic of guar gum, when compared to other thickeners, is that guar gum does not require heat to thicken an aqueous solution.Precaution should be taken of not using Guar gum in recipes containing calcium or borax. A couple of recipes use guar gum and xanthum gum together to increase the viscosity of lotions and creams, here , Guar gum acts as a stabilizer and prevents most solid particles from settling in finished products. Guar gum is considered an acceptable alternative for gelatin and is vegan. In most of the scenario, one ounce of guar gum is equal to 6 ounces of gelatin ( the amounts vary according to the recipe).
Use incosmetics, soaps, among others
The food grade gum is considered as the best thickening, stabilizing and emulsifying additive and its ability to suspend solids, control the viscosity of aqueous solutions, bind water via hydrogen and form strong films are few of its uses.
For commercial production, the guar gum seeds are cleaned and soaked for pre-hydration. The soaked splits are then flaked and grounded into powder and dried.
Guar Gum Powder use in Cosmetics
The highest grade guar gum powder and the latest processing techniques are used in cosmetics to ensure that the powder is of high quality and non-allergic for all kinds of skins. Guar gum is a non-toxic emulsifier that binds to liquids and when put in water, for instance, forms a thick, paste-like consistency. It is this property that makes it such an economical thickening agent in the cosmetic industry.
Face masks are made from natural ingredients that nourish, cleanse and increase elasticity. Guar gum is much important input as other cosmetic ingredients such as spring water, olive oil and glycerin. With its excellent conditioning properties, it contributes towards hair and skin softness and assists in hair detangling.
Guar gum powder is extensively used in the manufacture of toothpaste. It ensures that the paste is extruded from the tube without any pressure. It is ideal for use in emulsified systems such as lotions and creams as a protective colloid, to increase emulsion stability and prevent water loss and syneresis. The use of a natural preservative such as guar gum also increases the shelf life of skin care products.
In homemade natural deodorants, A mixture of guar gum and aloe -vera gel along with essential oils can give you a non-toxic, effective deodorant. it is used broadly in the cosmetic industry to manufacture lipsticks, shampoos, face masks and conditioners as it is a non- toxic emulsifier that binds liquids and forms a thick material.
The Safety of Guar Gum Powder for Cosmetics Tried and Tested
The demand for natural and safe products has increased the demand for an organic emulsifier such as guar gum powder. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) include guar gum on its list of ingredients which are Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS). It is now a well-accepted fact that CyamopsisTetragonoloba (guar) is completely safe when used in cosmetic and personal care products.
Guar gum, loaded with both nutritional and medicinal properties, has enjoyed a massive increase in demand. The pharmaceutical and cosmetic industry makes heavy use of it as it is natural, plant-based product and also eco friendly as compared to synthetic ingredients.
The gum extract from guar bean seeds contains soluble fiber which is processed to obtain a gum product with relatively lesser thickening property. The main use of this product is to treat patients with frequent loose stools, it is soluble that helps to fight irregular or inconvenient bowel movements and helps in regulating excretion.
How Partially Hydrolyzed Guar Granules are made?
PHGG is made by an enzymatic process in which guar gum powder is broken to a limit. The process results in reducing the thickening property of the guar gum powder and increase the solubility of its fiber content for easy digestion.
Industrial Importance of PHGG
The unique capability of PHGG to remain stabilized under low pH makes it a fiber rich food. It is especially recommended for patients suffering from diarrhea.
Health Benefits of PHGG
PHGGs medicinal properties such as reducing stomach upset and pain in the abdomen and among others maladies are used to treat people suffering from constipation as well as those who suffer from bowel syndrome issues.
Medicinal Advantages of PHGG
PHGG is considered a significant component of the clinical diet. As the enzymatic process decreases its viscosity, it becomes highly soluble in water and is an effective ingredient to be added to the enteral nutrition of patients. It is also included in patient diets to increase Bifidobacterium in the gut.
Sesbania gum is extracted from sesbania seeds. It is white colored, loose milky powder that is soluble in water and insoluble in alcohol, ketones, ethers and other organic solvents. Sesbania gum powder can be dispersed in cold water to form a viscous solution. The viscosity of sesbania gum powder is 5-10 times higher than natural plant gum, sodium alginate.
Applications for Sesbania Gum Powder:
The Gum is commercially extracted (essentially through a mechanical process) from the seeds. The seed is broken and the germ is separated from the endosperm. Two halves of the endosperm are obtained from each seed and are known as underused Guar Splits. Refined Guar Splits are obtained when the fine layer of fibrous material, which forms the husk, is removed and separated from the endosperm halves by polishing.
The fast hydration guar gum powder is also known as quick hydration guar gum powder, rapid hydration guar gum powder and diesel slurry guar gum . It is used in oil drilling industries, gas drilling industries, and other well drilling industries.
The natural fast hydrating and slurriable guar is a non-ionic guar, polymeric viscosifier that is slurriable up to 50 percent of solids in systems such as diesel fuel. In aqueous systems, it is mainly used in the stimulation of oil and gas wells as a fracturing fluid. This yields excellent pump ability, good hydration, good thermal stability and excellent shelf life. It can typically be cross-linked with borates. Once cross- linked, it exhibits excellent carrying capacity to support sand and other propellants placed in the created fracture. The viscosity of hydrating slurriable guar can be reduced or broken by using enzymes, oxidizers or acids such as HCL.
The natural fast hydrating, dispersible and diesel slurriable guar gum is ideally suitable for all rheological requirements of oil well drilling, continuous fracturing and diesel slurring. It is widely used in oil well drilling due to its multi-functional ability such as fluid and water loss control, viscosity control and lubrication. It is also used for cooling of drill bits, mud drilling and cementing slurries, where immediate high viscosity and quick hydration is required.
Applications:
The industrial grade guar gum powder is used in oil well fracturing, oil well stimulation, mud drilling, stabilizer preparations, thickeners and suspending agent. The powder is a natural fast hydrating dispersible guar gum and is diesel slurriable.
In the oil field industry, guar gum is used as a surfactant, synthetic polymer and as a deformer; it is ideally suited for all rheological requirements of water-based and brine-based drilling fluids.
High viscosity guar gum products are used mainly as a drilling aid in oil well drilling, geological drilling and water drilling.
These products are used as viscosifiers to maintain drilling mud viscosities which help to remove drill waste from deep holes.
Guar gum products also reduce friction in the holes, thereby minimizing power requirements. Some guar gum products that minimize water loss also occur in broken geological formations.
