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It is possible to cryopreserve sperm and embryo at -196 C in liquid N2 by computerized slow cooling method. Subsequent cryothaw cycles treatment becomes cost effective and patient does not require undergoing active cycle management. Embryos and sperms can be kept cryopreserved for years.Recently developed vitrification technique uses rapid cooling of embryo. A. Embryo B. Semen C. Oocyte A. Cryopreservation and Vitrification of Embryo Egg retrieval under ultrasound guidance and subsequent fertilization and embryo culture are carried out according to our current procedures. If there happens to be a surplus of embryos following selection for fresh transfer (usually between one to four embryos are transferred to the uterus), then embryos of sufficient quality may be considered for cryostorage. While embryos can be frozen at any preimplantation stage between one-cell (one day old) to the blastocyst stage (5-6 days old). In certain cases where all embryos need to be frozen without a fresh transfer (e.g., when a woman may be at risk from ovarian hyperstimulation that might be complicated by pregnancy), we generally freeze all embryos the day after egg collection at the one-cell stage.
MESA technique is used for men with no sperm in their semen because of a blockage or an absence of the vas deferens (the tube which leads from the testis). There is a group of men who have no sperm in their semen because of a blockage or an absence of the vas deferens. The vas deferens is a tube, which leads from the testis towards the penis; sperm must travel down this tube to leave the body. Such men may be producing sperm in large numbers, but because there is a blockage or absence of the vas deferens none will be seen in the semen. This is similar to a man who has had a vasectomy. In these cases sperm can be obtained from the epididymis, which is an organ which is located on top of the testis where sperm collect and mature. If the epididymis itself is blocked or absent sperm can be extracted from the testicles. Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART) are techniques which bring the sperm closer to the egg. In many cases, a treatable cause of Male Infertility has not been identified or treatment has not resulted in pregnancy. ART or assisted reproductive technologies may be sued to bring and place the sperm closer to the egg with the hope that this will achieve a pregnancy.
Micro-Dissection TESE (MicroTESE) is an invasive procedure utilized locate sperm in men with Non-Obstructive Azoospermia or severe testicular failure. MicroTESE is especially helpful in these men as there may be very localized areas of sperm production that may be missed during blind biopsies or needle aspiration procedures. During a MicroTESE, the testes are surgically opened, tissue is inspected under a microscope and an intense search of every part of the testicle is performed to locate healthy areas that are more likely to contain sperm. After MicroTESE, the sperm may be used in a current IVF-ICSI cycle or frozen for later use.