A Barlow is a negative (diverging) lens that is placed between the objective lens (or primary mirror from now on these words will be used interchangeably) and the eyepiece of a telescope. It increases the effective focal length of an objective lens, thereby increasing the magnification. The idea is that 2 eyepieces and a Barlow will give you the flexibility of magnification of 4 eyepieces, and will give higher magnifications with less powerful eyepieces.
What are its Advantages and DisadvantagesAssuming that the Barlow is a good one, the only disadvantage is a slight loss of light throughput this is of the order of 3%. The advantages are numerous:
- Higher magnifications can be attained with longer focal-length eyepieces than would be possible without the Barlow. Short focal length eyepieces necessarily have optical surfaces that are more curved and therefore are likely to introduce more aberrations.
- A Barlow increases the effective focal ratio of the objective. This gives a more acute light cone, which is less demanding of eyepiece quality because:
- Rays at the periphery of the cone are closer to being paraxial and thus are less subject to aberration.
- A smaller area of the field lens is used.
- Many eyepieces have an eye relief (distance of exit pupil from eye lens) that is directly related to its focal length. For example, the eye relief of a Plssl is 0.73 its focal length. Thus, with these eyepieces, for a given magnification there will be greater eye relief with a barlow than without.
- Many eyepiece types do not work well with short focal-ratio objectives. The Barlow effectively increases the focal ratio, allowing the eyepiece to work well.