Hot-dip galvanisation is a form of galvanisation. It is a usually dull grey, fairly strong material that stops further corrosion in many circumstances, protecting the steel below from the elements. Galvanized steel is widely used in applications where rust resistance is needed, and can be identified by the crystallization patterning on the surface (often called a “spangle”). Applications Construction and building:  roofing; ventilating duct; handrail; partition panel, etc Further processing:  coating base plate Electric appliance:  Refrigerator; washing machine; recorder; microwave, etc

Cold-rolled sheets and strips come in various conditions: full-hard, half-hard, quarter-hard, and skin-rolled. Full-hard rolling reduces the thickness by 50%, while the others involve less of a reduction.Skin-rolling, also known as a skin-pass, involves the least amount of reduction: 0.5-1%. It is used to produce a smooth surface, a uniform thickness, and reduce the yield point phenomenon (by preventing Lüders bands from forming in later processing). Applications Domestic & Appliances Oil barrels & containers Washing Machines & geyser Electronics & Electrical components Bicycles Automobiles Refrigerators

Hot rolled mild steel seems to have a wider tolerance for amount of included carbon than cold rolled, making it a bit more problematic to use as a blacksmith. Also for similar metals, hot rolled seems to typically be less costly.  Applications Hot rolling is used mainly to produce sheet metal or simple cross sections, such as rail tracks

• Construction and buildingroofing; ventilating duct; handrail; partition panel,etc
• Further processingcoating base plate
• Electric applianceRefrigerator; washing machine; recorder; microwave, etc.

Aluminium is remarkable for the metal's low density and for its ability to resist corrosion due to the phenomenon of passivation. Structural components made from aluminium and its alloys are vital to the aerospace industry and are important in other areas of transportation and structural materials. The most useful compounds of aluminium, at least on a weight basis, are the oxides and sulfates. The four most common aluminium grades available as sheet metal are 1100-H14, 3003-H14, 5052-H32, and 6061-T6. Applications Grade 1100-H14  is commercially pure aluminium, so it is highly chemical and weather resistant. It is ductile enough for deep drawing and weldable, but low strength. It is commonly used in chemical processing equipment, light reflectors, and jewelry. Grade 3003-H14  is stronger than 1100, while maintaining the same formability and low cost. It is corrosion resistant and weldable. It is often used in stampings, spun and drawn parts, mail boxes, cabinets, tanks, and fan blades. Grade 5052-H32  is much stronger than 3003 while still maintaining good formability. It maintains high corrosion resistance and weldability. Common applications include electronic chassis, tanks, and pressure vessels. Grade 6061-T6  is a common heat-treated structural aluminium alloy. It is weldable, corrosion resistant, and stronger than 5052, but not as formable. Note that it loses some of its strength when welded. It is used in modern aircraft structures, generally replacing the older 2024-T4 alloy.

Mild steel, also called plain-carbon steel, is the most common form of steel because its price is relatively low while it provides material properties that are acceptable for many applications, more so than iron. Low carbon steel contains approximately 0.05–0.15% carbon and mild steel contains 0.16–0.29% carbon; making it malleable and ductile. Mild steel has a relatively low tensile strength, but it is cheap and malleable; surface hardness can be increased through carburizing Applications Mild steel is used for almost all non-specialist steel products – cars, domestic goods, constructional steel. street `furniture` signs etc Fence posts, wire, plate , tin cans. key rings

Cold-rolled sheets and strips come in various conditions: full-hard, half-hard, quarter-hard, and skin-rolled. Full-hard rolling reduces the thickness by 50%, while the others involve less of a reduction.Skin-rolling, also known as a skin-pass, involves the least amount of reduction: 0.5-1%. It is used to produce a smooth surface, a uniform thickness, and reduce the yield point phenomenon (by preventing Lüders bands from forming in later processing). Applications Domestic & Appliances Oil barrels & containers Washing Machines & geyser Electronics & Electrical components Bicycles Automobiles Refrigerators

Mild steel, also called plain-carbon steel, is the most common form of steel because its price is relatively low while it provides material properties that are acceptable for many applications, more so than iron. Low carbon steel contains approximately 0.05–0.15% carbon and mild steel contains 0.16–0.29% carbon; making it malleable and ductile. Mild steel has a relatively low tensile strength, but it is cheap and malleable; surface hardness can be increased through carburizing Applications Mild steel is used for almost all non-specialist steel products – cars, domestic goods, constructional steel. street `furniture` signs etc Fence posts, wire, plate , tin cans. key rings

Mild steel, also called plain-carbon steel, is the most common form of steel because its price is relatively low while it provides material properties that are acceptable for many applications, more so than iron. Low carbon steel contains approximately 0.05–0.15% carbon and mild steel contains 0.16–0.29% carbon; making it malleable and ductile. Mild steel has a relatively low tensile strength, but it is cheap and malleable; surface hardness can be increased through carburizing Applications Mild steel is used for almost all non-specialist steel products – cars, domestic goods, constructional steel. street `furniture` signs etc Fence posts, wire, plate , tin cans. key rings

Aluminium is remarkable for the metal's low density and for its ability to resist corrosion due to the phenomenon of passivation. Structural components made from aluminium and its alloys are vital to the aerospace industry and are important in other areas of transportation and structural materials. The most useful compounds of aluminium, at least on a weight basis, are the oxides and sulfates. The four most common aluminium grades available as sheet metal are 1100-H14, 3003-H14, 5052-H32, and 6061-T6. Applications Grade 1100-H14  is commercially pure aluminium, so it is highly chemical and weather resistant. It is ductile enough for deep drawing and weldable, but low strength. It is commonly used in chemical processing equipment, light reflectors, and jewelry. Grade 3003-H14  is stronger than 1100, while maintaining the same formability and low cost. It is corrosion resistant and weldable. It is often used in stampings, spun and drawn parts, mail boxes, cabinets, tanks, and fan blades. Grade 5052-H32  is much stronger than 3003 while still maintaining good formability. It maintains high corrosion resistance and weldability. Common applications include electronic chassis, tanks, and pressure vessels. Grade 6061-T6  is a common heat-treated structural aluminium alloy. It is weldable, corrosion resistant, and stronger than 5052, but not as formable. Note that it loses some of its strength when welded. It is used in modern aircraft structures, generally replacing the older 2024-T4 alloy.

ot rolled mild steel seems to have a wider tolerance for amount of included carbon than cold rolled, making it a bit more problematic to use as a blacksmith. Also for similar metals, hot rolled seems to typically be less costly.  Applications Hot rolling is used mainly to produce sheet metal or simple cross sections, such as rail tracks

Hot-dip galvanisation is a form of galvanisation. It is a usually dull grey, fairly strong material that stops further corrosion in many circumstances, protecting the steel below from the elements. Galvanized steel is widely used in applications where rust resistance is needed, and can be identified by the crystallization patterning on the surface (often called a “spangle”). Applications Construction and building:  roofing; ventilating duct; handrail; partition panel, etc Further processing:  coating base plate Electric appliance:  Refrigerator; washing machine; recorder; microwave, etc