KKM Engineering Solutions Pvt. Ltd. Gurugram, Haryana

Electricity generated through coal plants is becoming expensive by every passing day. Power cuts and increasing dependence on DG sets are causing a lot of damage to the environment. The demand supply gap for electricity is increasing in the country which makes it very important for people to start thinking of other ways of realizing their energy needs. Keeping this in mind Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE), Government of India is promoting off-grid solar PV systems under the Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission in the country. Many people in the country have started feeling the need of installing solar PV system for their home, apartment complex or small office use, and with this article we would try to provide some information which can be a good starting point for a roof-top Solar PV system project. What is a Solar PV cell and module? Solar PV cell is the basic building block of a PV system. It consists of semiconductor material that absorbs sunlight to generate electricity through a phenomenon called “photoelectric effect”. Only sunlight of a certain wavelength can effectively generate electricity. Although a solar PV can generate electricity on a cloudy day, but it is not as effective as it is on a sunny day. A basic PV cell produces a very small amount of electricity and multiple of them are connected together to form a Solar PV module that can generate 10W to 300W output. If more electricity is required, them multiple such PV modules have to be installed in an array. Multiple kinds of materials are used to create a solar cell and the efficiency of solar cell depends on the same. The efficiency of a solar cell is defined as its capability to convert a certain amount of sunlight into electricity. Solar cells available in the market are of various efficiencies: 4%, 8%, 12%, 14% and 16%. The size of a Solar PV module required will depend on output and efficiencies:  

Solar Water Heating System (SHWS) is a popular device that harnesses the solar energy for our needs. The type of system depends on heat requirement, weather conditions, heat transfer fluid quality, space availability, annual solar radiation, etc. The SHW systems are economical, pollution free and easy for operation in warm countries like ours. Evacuated Tube Collectors (ETC) based Solar Water Heaters Evacuated Tube Collector is made of tripal layer borosilicate glass tubes evacuated for providing insulation. The outer wall of the inner tube is coated with selective absorbing material. This helps absorption of solar radiation and transfers the heat to the water which flows through the inner tube. Wide spread utilization of solar water heaters can reduce a significant portion of the conventional energy being used for heating water in homes, factories and other commercial and institutional establishments.   Benefits: A 100 litres capacity SWH can replace an electric geyser for residential use and saves 1500 units of electricity annually. A SWH of 100 litres capacity can prevent emission of 1.5 tonnes of carbondioxide per year. Life: 15-20 years   Payback period: Though the initial investment for a solar water heater is high compared to available conventional alternatives, the return on investment has become increasingly attractive with the increase in prices of conventional energy. The payback period depends on the site of installation, utilization pattern and fuel replaced. The period is around 2 years when electricity is replaced. Salient Features of Solar Water Heating System Solar Hot Water System turns cold water into hot water with the help of sun's rays. Around 60 deg. - 80 deg. C temperature can be attained depending on solar radiation, weather conditions and solar collector system efficiency Hot water for homes, hostels, hotels, hospitals, restaurants, dairies, industries etc. Can be installed on roof-tops, building terrace and open ground where there is no shading, south orientation of collectors and over-head tank above SWH system SWH system generates hot water on clear sunny days (maximum), partially clouded (moderate) but not in rainy or heavy overcast day Only soft and potable water can be used Stainless Steel is used for small tanks whereas Mild Steel tanks with anticorrosion coating inside are used for large tanks Solar water heaters of 100-500 litres capacity are suited for domestic application. Larger systems can be used in restaurants, guest houses, hotels, hospitals, industries etc.

Home lighting solar systems are the fixed installations designed for domestic application. The components of the solar lighting system includes solar pv module (solar cells), charge controller, solar battery and lighting system (lamps & fans). Easy Photovoltech's home solar lightening module are installed in the open on roof/terrace - exposed to sunlight and the charge controller and battery are kept inside a protected place in the house. We manufacture home lighting solar system, solar home lighting system, home solar lighting system, home lighting system. What is a Solar PV cell and module? Solar PV cell is the basic building block of a PV system. It consists of semiconductor material that absorbs sunlight to generate electricity through a phenomenon called “photoelectric effect”. Only sunlight of a certain wavelength can effectively generate electricity. Although a solar PV can generate electricity on a cloudy day, but it is not as effective as it is on a sunny day. A basic PV cell produces a very small amount of electricity and multiple of them are connected together to form a Solar PV module that can generate 10W to 300W output. If more electricity is required, them multiple such PV modules have to be installed in an array. Multiple kinds of materials are used to create a solar cell and the efficiency of solar cell depends on the same. The efficiency of a solar cell is defined as its capability to convert a certain amount of sunlight into electricity. Solar cells available in the market are of various efficiencies: 4%, 8%, 12%, 14% and 16%. The size of a Solar PV module required will depend on output and efficiencies:  

GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS: All the components mentioned above shall be as per MNRE specifications The rates shall be inclusive of installation charges, Taxes 5% EXTRA, transportation EXTRA to sites The structure for installation of SPV modules shall be Hot Dipped Galvanized to withstand wind speed up to 150 KMPH, and all the fasteners shall be of Stainless steel only makes of the components are approved for installation SPV Modules: Indigenous Modules only, any standard make with IEC certification and RFID tag pasted inside. Invertors: MNRE empanelled invertors, MPPT type of capacity as indicated in the scope of works of system to be installed. Batteries: MNRE Empanelled Batteries shall be Flooded Electrolyte Type, positive tubular plate; low maintenance or tubular gel valve regulated lead acid (VRLA) type batteries of 2 or 12 Volts cell