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A stroboscope is an instrument, which flashes
the light upon rotating or vibrating object which
is turning at high speeds, cause to appear it to
be standstill ormoving slowly. It is non - contact
speed measuring instrument.In stroboscope
principle, intense light flash of variant
frequency is directed towards the rotating
object. When the flash rate is equal to or
multiple of the rotating revolution it may be
standstill.
| The photo voltic cells generate electrical energy when exposedto light and does not require any external power. These are incommercial use as exposure meters, direct reading illuminationmeters and as electrical power sources in form of solar cells.The present set is based upon to study of such photo voltic cellas transducer to measure illumination level. |
Speed measurement by photoelectric ( optical ) transducer is a
convient method, since many type of photon devices are available.
In presentset up a photo diode is used as transducer.
A photo diode ( in reverse bias mode ) is a device the
resistance of which falls to great extent when it is exposed to light
radiation.In actual we must describe the system before the transducer.
A light emitting diode and a photo diode is mounted in such way that
full radiated energy falls upon the diode.
In industrial control systems, information about physical
process should beknown and tranducers play vital role in it.
A transducer is a device whichconvert one form of energy into
other form. In other words it convert one'ssignal form into
other signal form. This set up is designed to study of temperature
measurement using thermocouple - RTD and thermistor.
MEASUREMENT OF LIGHT USING L.D.R.
A photo resistor consists of a device that change its
electrical Ohmic resistance when light is applied.
Thus it is also called asphoto conductive cell or the
Light Dependent Resistor abb. L.D.R. The active
region of photo resistor is a thin film of silicone,
germanium, selenium, ametalliic helide or a
metallic sulphide. When these type of materials are exposed
to the light radiation, free electrons are created as photon energy
drives them from a valence band into the conduction band.
A photo diode consists of a p - n junction coated with
translucant film . The light (radiation) is allowed to fall upon
its surface, across the junction. The junction is made reverse - biased
with an e.m.f source. A reverse current flows nearly linearly
with the intensity of light flux.the reverse - biased current flows
through diode is linear function of light intensity, thus to measure
the light intensity level, this current is passed through a precision
fixed resistance R. The reverse current devlope propotional voltage
across the R, which is than amplified to desired level by an amplifier.
The provided set is designed to study of inductive transducer
as mesurement of linear displacement. It has inbuilt excitation
source, signalprocessing circuitry and a digital panel meter
which can be adjusted toread displacement in mm.
The set up has an inductive transducer in shape
of two coils the reluctance of which is varied by mean of an
iron core. Completeprocess is well printed in blocks
with test points in form of sockets toobserve / measure waveforms.
A Single pan, low form balance that has three notched beam with centre
indicating sliding masses with total wieghing
In industrial control systems, information about
physical process shouldbe known and tranducers
play vital role in it. A transducer is a device which
convert one form of energy into other form. In other
words it convert one'ssignal form into other signal form.
To measure temperature in industriesthermocouples and
RTD are widely used, whether thermistors are used to
control low temperature. This set up is designed to study
of temperaturemeasurement using Platinum resistance
transducer as sensor.
The measurement of displacement, position or say location
is an important parameter in industries. The simplest and
fairly accurate tranducer used to measure displacement is
potentiometer. It converts linear ( or angular) displacement
into electrical signals, by changing its resistance. A potentiometeric
transducer is an electromechanical device contains a resistive
element which is kept fixed at two ends and a wiper arrangement is
made as moveable slider.
