Need for Solar Power Inverters The power grid and almost every equipment that uses electricity uses alternating current (AC) while solar modules - either individually or when connected together - generate Direct Current (DC). Therefore it is extremely important to switch the DC power being generated from solar power with an inverter into useable AC power. Thus a solar inverter actually “inverts” DC to AC to operate all types of common electrical loads from lights and fans to air-conditioners and heavy machinery without interruption. Components of Solar Inverter There are two major components of a solar power inverter: Intelligent Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) of solar voltage. Efficient inverter to convert DC to AC making commonly usable electricity. On the AC side, these solar inverters supply electricity in sinusoidal form. On the DC side, the power output of a module varies as a function of the voltage in a way that power generation can be optimized by varying the solar system Voltage to find the 'Maximum Power Point'. Sunipod solar inverters therefore incorporate optimized 'Maximum Power Point Tracking' (MPPT). It ensures optimal energy transfer from the solar PV system using MPPT technique which maximizes the amount of current going into the load from the solar array. An under optimized solar MPPT algorithm can seriously affect the amount of solar electricity generated from your solar power solution.

What is photovoltaic effect? Photovoltaic effect is defined as the phenomenon in which the incidence of light upon the junction of two dissimilar materials, as a metal and a semiconductor, induces the generation of an electromotive force. Simply put, photovoltaic effect is the creation of electric current in a material upon exposure to light and is an electro-chemical phenomenon. Having no moving parts – like turbines etc. which are typical of other forms of electricity production- is a unique advantage of photovoltaic power generation. The most common material used to make solar PV cells is Silicon because it shares some of the properties of metals and some of those of an electrical insulator. Photovoltaic cells consist of a positive laver and a negative layer of this material. Let’s take a closer look at what happens when the sun shines onto a solar cell. Sunlight consists of little particles of energy called photons. When this energy in sunlight strikes the silicon based solar cell, electrons are knocked loose from the atoms in the semiconductor material. If electrical conductors are attached to the positive and negative sides, forming an electrical circuit, the electrons can be captured in the form of an electric current -- that is, electricity.

The Sunipod solar weather station measures and records wind speed and direction, air temperature and relative humidity, barometric pressure, solar radiation, and rain specifically for solar power generation applications. Hightlights of Automatic Weather Stations State of the art sensors Wireless transmitters in unlicensed spectrum. Measures solar radiation. Rainfall data (inches or mm): 1-hour, 24-hour, one week, one month and total since last reset. Wind chill and Dew point temperature display (°F or °C). Wind speed (mph, m/s, km/h, knots, Beaufort). Wind direction display with compass. Weather forecast tendency. Weather alarm modes for: Temperature, humidity, wind chill, dew point, rainfall, wind speed, air pressure, storm warning. Barometric pressure (in Hg or Pa). Temperature display in °F or °C. All minimum and maximum values recorded along with time stamp. Very simple to install. Weather data from base station with adjustable measuring intervals can be recorded and uploaded to PC. USB port for easy connection to your PC. 12 or 24-hour time display. Product Specifications of Sunipod's Solar Weather Monitoring Station Solar Weather Station

Need of Solar Combiner Boxes In large commercial solar photovoltaic (PV) arrays, multiple solar modules are connected in a string to build the voltage as required by the inverter. Multiple strings of solar modules are then combined in parallel to form the array. A solar combiner box can be thought of as a gate keeper for your solar power solution. Solar Combiner boxes are used to combine the inputs from multiple strings of solar panels into one output circuit for connection to the inverter. Sometimes this is also called as Photovoltaic (PV) Combiner Box. On a single-line diagram, the solar photovoltaic combiner boxes look like a "reverse-fed distribution board". Instead of breaking one feeder into multiple branch circuits, the combiner “combines” multiple branch feeds from solar strings and groups them into one output. This output in turn serves as an input for the inverter. Sunipod’s combiner boxes support from one PV panel to many in series, and ranging from a single low voltage panel to multi-panel high voltage arrays for all systems.

Need for Solar Panel Mounting The Solar panel mounting structures are designed for holding suitable number of modules in series or parallel at the optimum angle. Solar mounting is often an underrated part of the system but is an important engineering design aspect of the entire solution. Quality solar mounting structures must be uniquely designed to support either ground mount systems or roof top installations each having their own set of engineering considerations. The frames and legs of the solar mounting array can be a mix of concrete structures and mild steel or polymers with suitable angles, channels and tubes to meet the design criteria. All nuts & bolts considered for fastening modules with these structures should hold it together for lasting durability. Sunipod’s solar panel clamping systems and associated mounting channels are also engineered for installer safety with long term installation in mind. Sunipod solar panel mounting structures are designed to maximize space utilization without sacrificing the output from SPV panels. Special theft retardant fasteners can be added if there is an added requirement for security. Unique Design of Solar Panel Mounting Depending on the site characteristics Sunipod’s module mounting structures can provide optional rust proof, high corrosion resistant support for your entire solution, made of an extremely high grade new age material that provides excellent weather-ability they reduce typical installation load and evenly distribute it to protect your rooftop from overloading. The flat roof is never drilled avoiding leakage issues. All nuts & bolts considered for fastening modules with these structures are of very good quality to ensure lasting usage. The module mounting structures are designed to optimize the space usage for the array without sacrificing the output from PV plant at the same time. The entire solar panel racking system for the complete array has to be designed to provide adequate weight and angle support by accounting for weather conditions and other on-site considerations like type of roofing eg asbestos, metal, polymer etc. and the type, tilted-on-shed or flat concrete rooftop, and based on the direction to which the solar panels are required to be facing. These factors will not only affect the integrity of the rooftop, but also determine the stability of the solar array and the power generation from the system. A key aspect of Sunipod Solar panel mounting systems are that they are designed to be modular providing fit from small to very large installations keeping in mind the ease of deployment and flexible expansion capabilities. The solar mounting systems are also engineered for rapid assembly and relation with reassembly if and when required Highlights of Solar Panel Mounting Systems Quick and easy to assemble. Partially pre-assembled for faster installation. Minimal tools required for assembly. Corrosion resistant galvanized structures. Protection from rust and weather degradation. Flexible application allows for optimizing mounting angles from 20 to 35 degrees. Non-intrusive non-penetrating design requires no drilling through your roof. No risk of leakage due to installation. Stainless Steel fasteners ensure that the installation is secured for life. Optional theft retardant fasteners available Compact design means optimized usage of your precious rooftop space. Wind loading optimized to withstand strong winds for steady performance. Easy customization for your specific module type and location. Ideal for flat roofs requiring a high concentration of modules while successfully distributing loading on roof-top.

In common reference a solar module is the same as a solar panel. Solar panels they are usually seen on rooftops of homes or businesses, but they can also exist as large arrays on open fields are even used to power satellites in outer space. Solar panel prices have fallen over the last few years to a point where power from solar photovoltaic solutions is now cheaper than buying power from your electricity company. The advances in technology have also made them easy to integrate in our daily modern lives and to boost socio-economic development. A solar module is a large flat rectangle, made up of multiple interconnected solar cells and can be configured to supply the desired loads. The cells are made from silicon, a common chemical found in sand. When sunlight shines on solar cells, the energy (photons) it carries blasts electrons out of the silicon. These can be forced to flow around an electric circuit and power anything that runs on electricity. A typical solar cell is a sandwich of two different layers - positive and negative - of silicon that have been specially treated to let electricity flow. When many solarphotovoltaic cells are connected together, you have a solar panel. Each cell generates some electricity and together many cells in a panel are combined to make a bigger electric current and voltage.   Common types of solar panels are: Monocrystalline solar modules begin as single molten silicon structure with added elements then forming circular shaped ingots. It is sliced into thin wafers, exposed to diffusion process, and electrically connected to allow the electrons to flow. Polycrystalline cells have many crystal structures. They can be made into squares or rectangles easily for packing with very little space between them resulting in power ratings per unit area that are similar or higher to than monocrystalline. Also because of added elements they are suitable for warm, sunny conditions in India. They also produce energy when the sun is brightest, as well as in diffused and lower lightconditions. Amorphous (or 'thin film') offer better performance in higher temperatures, and have some benefits in shady locations. These are made when silicon is sprayed onto glass and electrical connections are laser etched. However, the benefits may have been exaggerated and their performance in Indian conditions is still unproven, and it is important to weigh that up against the negatives of thin film technology.

Need for Solar Power Inverters The power grid and almost every equipment that uses electricity uses alternating current (AC) while solar modules - either individually or when connected together - generate Direct Current (DC). Therefore it is extremely important to switch the DC power being generated from solar power with an inverter into useable AC power. Thus a solar inverter actually “inverts” DC to AC to operate all types of common electrical loads from lights and fans to air-conditioners and heavy machinery without interruption. Components of Solar Inverter There are two major components of a solar power inverter: Intelligent Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) of solar voltage. Efficient inverter to convert DC to AC making commonly usable electricity. On the AC side, these solar inverters supply electricity in sinusoidal form. On the DC side, the power output of a module varies as a function of the voltage in a way that power generation can be optimized by varying the solar system Voltage to find the 'Maximum Power Point'. Sunipod solar inverters therefore incorporate optimized 'Maximum Power Point Tracking' (MPPT). It ensures optimal energy transfer from the solar PV system using MPPT technique which maximizes the amount of current going into the load from the solar array. An under optimized solar MPPT algorithm can seriously affect the amount of solar electricity generated from your solar power solution.

What is photovoltaic effect? Photovoltaic effect is defined as the phenomenon in which the incidence of light upon the junction of two dissimilar materials, as a metal and a semiconductor, induces the generation of an electromotive force. Simply put, photovoltaic effect is the creation of electric current in a material upon exposure to light and is an electro-chemical phenomenon. Having no moving parts – like turbines etc. which are typical of other forms of electricity production- is a unique advantage of photovoltaic power generation. The most common material used to make solar PV cells is Silicon because it shares some of the properties of metals and some of those of an electrical insulator. Photovoltaic cells consist of a positive laver and a negative layer of this material. Let’s take a closer look at what happens when the sun shines onto a solar cell. Sunlight consists of little particles of energy called photons. When this energy in sunlight strikes the silicon based solar cell, electrons are knocked loose from the atoms in the semiconductor material. If electrical conductors are attached to the positive and negative sides, forming an electrical circuit, the electrons can be captured in the form of an electric current -- that is, electricity.

The Sunipod solar weather station measures and records wind speed and direction, air temperature and relative humidity, barometric pressure, solar radiation, and rain specifically for solar power generation applications. Hightlights of Automatic Weather Stations State of the art sensors Wireless transmitters in unlicensed spectrum. Measures solar radiation. Rainfall data (inches or mm): 1-hour, 24-hour, one week, one month and total since last reset. Wind chill and Dew point temperature display (°F or °C). Wind speed (mph, m/s, km/h, knots, Beaufort). Wind direction display with compass. Weather forecast tendency. Weather alarm modes for: Temperature, humidity, wind chill, dew point, rainfall, wind speed, air pressure, storm warning. Barometric pressure (in Hg or Pa). Temperature display in °F or °C. All minimum and maximum values recorded along with time stamp. Very simple to install. Weather data from base station with adjustable measuring intervals can be recorded and uploaded to PC. USB port for easy connection to your PC. 12 or 24-hour time display. Product Specifications of Sunipod's Solar Weather Monitoring Station Solar Weather Station

Need of Solar Combiner Boxes In large commercial solar photovoltaic (PV) arrays, multiple solar modules are connected in a string to build the voltage as required by the inverter. Multiple strings of solar modules are then combined in parallel to form the array. A solar combiner box can be thought of as a gate keeper for your solar power solution. Solar Combiner boxes are used to combine the inputs from multiple strings of solar panels into one output circuit for connection to the inverter. Sometimes this is also called as Photovoltaic (PV) Combiner Box. On a single-line diagram, the solar photovoltaic combiner boxes look like a "reverse-fed distribution board". Instead of breaking one feeder into multiple branch circuits, the combiner “combines” multiple branch feeds from solar strings and groups them into one output. This output in turn serves as an input for the inverter. Sunipod’s combiner boxes support from one PV panel to many in series, and ranging from a single low voltage panel to multi-panel high voltage arrays for all systems.

Need for Solar Panel Mounting The Solar panel mounting structures are designed for holding suitable number of modules in series or parallel at the optimum angle. Solar mounting is often an underrated part of the system but is an important engineering design aspect of the entire solution. Quality solar mounting structures must be uniquely designed to support either ground mount systems or roof top installations each having their own set of engineering considerations. The frames and legs of the solar mounting array can be a mix of concrete structures and mild steel or polymers with suitable angles, channels and tubes to meet the design criteria. All nuts & bolts considered for fastening modules with these structures should hold it together for lasting durability. Sunipod’s solar panel clamping systems and associated mounting channels are also engineered for installer safety with long term installation in mind. Sunipod solar panel mounting structures are designed to maximize space utilization without sacrificing the output from SPV panels. Special theft retardant fasteners can be added if there is an added requirement for security. Unique Design of Solar Panel Mounting Depending on the site characteristics Sunipod’s module mounting structures can provide optional rust proof, high corrosion resistant support for your entire solution, made of an extremely high grade new age material that provides excellent weather-ability they reduce typical installation load and evenly distribute it to protect your rooftop from overloading. The flat roof is never drilled avoiding leakage issues. All nuts & bolts considered for fastening modules with these structures are of very good quality to ensure lasting usage. The module mounting structures are designed to optimize the space usage for the array without sacrificing the output from PV plant at the same time. The entire solar panel racking system for the complete array has to be designed to provide adequate weight and angle support by accounting for weather conditions and other on-site considerations like type of roofing eg asbestos, metal, polymer etc. and the type, tilted-on-shed or flat concrete rooftop, and based on the direction to which the solar panels are required to be facing. These factors will not only affect the integrity of the rooftop, but also determine the stability of the solar array and the power generation from the system. A key aspect of Sunipod Solar panel mounting systems are that they are designed to be modular providing fit from small to very large installations keeping in mind the ease of deployment and flexible expansion capabilities. The solar mounting systems are also engineered for rapid assembly and relation with reassembly if and when required Highlights of Solar Panel Mounting Systems Quick and easy to assemble. Partially pre-assembled for faster installation. Minimal tools required for assembly. Corrosion resistant galvanized structures. Protection from rust and weather degradation. Flexible application allows for optimizing mounting angles from 20 to 35 degrees. Non-intrusive non-penetrating design requires no drilling through your roof. No risk of leakage due to installation. Stainless Steel fasteners ensure that the installation is secured for life. Optional theft retardant fasteners available Compact design means optimized usage of your precious rooftop space. Wind loading optimized to withstand strong winds for steady performance. Easy customization for your specific module type and location. Ideal for flat roofs requiring a high concentration of modules while successfully distributing loading on roof-top.

In common reference a solar module is the same as a solar panel. Solar panels they are usually seen on rooftops of homes or businesses, but they can also exist as large arrays on open fields are even used to power satellites in outer space. Solar panel prices have fallen over the last few years to a point where power from solar photovoltaic solutions is now cheaper than buying power from your electricity company. The advances in technology have also made them easy to integrate in our daily modern lives and to boost socio-economic development. A solar module is a large flat rectangle, made up of multiple interconnected solar cells and can be configured to supply the desired loads. The cells are made from silicon, a common chemical found in sand. When sunlight shines on solar cells, the energy (photons) it carries blasts electrons out of the silicon. These can be forced to flow around an electric circuit and power anything that runs on electricity. A typical solar cell is a sandwich of two different layers - positive and negative - of silicon that have been specially treated to let electricity flow. When many solarphotovoltaic cells are connected together, you have a solar panel. Each cell generates some electricity and together many cells in a panel are combined to make a bigger electric current and voltage.   Common types of solar panels are: Monocrystalline solar modules begin as single molten silicon structure with added elements then forming circular shaped ingots. It is sliced into thin wafers, exposed to diffusion process, and electrically connected to allow the electrons to flow. Polycrystalline cells have many crystal structures. They can be made into squares or rectangles easily for packing with very little space between them resulting in power ratings per unit area that are similar or higher to than monocrystalline. Also because of added elements they are suitable for warm, sunny conditions in India. They also produce energy when the sun is brightest, as well as in diffused and lower lightconditions. Amorphous (or 'thin film') offer better performance in higher temperatures, and have some benefits in shady locations. These are made when silicon is sprayed onto glass and electrical connections are laser etched. However, the benefits may have been exaggerated and their performance in Indian conditions is still unproven, and it is important to weigh that up against the negatives of thin film technology.