Solar Module Panel

In common reference a solar module is the same as a solar panel. Solar panels they are usually seen on rooftops of homes or businesses, but they can also exist as large arrays on open fields are even used to power satellites in outer space. Solar panel prices have fallen over the last few years to a point where power from solar photovoltaic solutions is now cheaper than buying power from your electricity company. The advances in technology have also made them easy to integrate in our daily modern lives and to boost socio-economic development.

A solar module is a large flat rectangle, made up of multiple interconnected solar cells and can be configured to supply the desired loads. The cells are made from silicon, a common chemical found in sand. When sunlight shines on solar cells, the energy (photons) it carries blasts electrons out of the silicon. These can be forced to flow around an electric circuit and power anything that runs on electricity. A typical solar cell is a sandwich of two different layers - positive and negative - of silicon that have been specially treated to let electricity flow. When many solarphotovoltaic cells are connected together, you have a solar panel. Each cell generates some electricity and together many cells in a panel are combined to make a bigger electric current and voltage.

Common types of solar panels are:

Monocrystalline solar modules begin as single molten silicon structure with added elements then forming circular shaped ingots. It is sliced into thin wafers, exposed to diffusion process, and electrically connected to allow the electrons to flow.

Polycrystalline cells have many crystal structures. They can be made into squares or rectangles easily for packing with very little space between them resulting in power ratings per unit area that are similar or higher to than monocrystalline. Also because of added elements they are suitable for warm, sunny conditions in India. They also produce energy when the sun is brightest, as well as in diffused and lower lightconditions.

Amorphous (or 'thin film') offer better performance in higher temperatures, and have some benefits in shady locations. These are made when silicon is sprayed onto glass and electrical connections are laser etched. However, the benefits may have been exaggerated and their performance in Indian conditions is still unproven, and it is important to weigh that up against the negatives of thin film technology.