Enriched flours have been processed from grain to remove the bran and germ, bleached to whiten the appearance, and then reformulated with nutrients, such as thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin d, iron, and calcium added in accordance with established government guidelines. It is necessary to add the nutrients because of the removal of the bran and germ, which contain most of the nutrients found in wheat grain. The main advantage in removing the oily germ is that flour keeps for much longer periods. Many types of commercially milled flours are enriched.