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Finned Tube Heat Exchangers is a type of heat exchanger design that uses plates and finned chambers to transfer heat between fluids. It is often categorized as a compact heat exchanger to emphasise its relatively high heat transfer surface area to volume ratio. The plate-fin heat exchanger is widely used in many industries, including the aerospace industry for its compact size and lightweight properties, as well as in cryogenics where its ability to facilitate heat transfer with small temperature differences is utilized.
A high degree of flexibility is present in plate-fin heat exchanger design as they can operate with any combination of gas, liquid, and two-phase fluids. Heat transfer between multiple process streams is also accommodated,
The main four type of fins are:plain, which refer to simplestraight-finnedtriangular or rectangular designs;herringbone, where the fins are placed sideways to provide a zig-zag path; and serrated and perforated which refer to cuts and perforations in the fins to augment flow distribution and improve heat transfer.
SS High Pressure Heat Exchanger is use of pipes or other containment vessels to heat or cool one fluid by transferring heat between it and another fluid. The walls of the pipe are usually made of metal. The exchanger consists of a coiled pipe containing one fluid that passes through a chamber containing another fluid. Another substance with a high thermal conductivity, to facilitate the interchange, The outer casing of the larger chamber is made of a plastic or coated with thermal insulation, to discourage heat from escaping from the exchanger.
Air-cooled heat exchangers are generally used where a process system generates heat which must be removed, but for which there is no local use. A good example is the radiator in your car. The engine components must be cooled to keep them from overheating due to friction and the combustion process. The excess heat is carried away by the water/glycol coolant mixture. A small amount of the excess heat may be used by the cars radiator to heat the interior. Most of the heat must be dissipated somehow. One of the simplest ways is to use the ambient air. Air-cooled heat exchangers (often simply called air-coolers) do not require any cooling water from a cooling tower. They are usually used when the outlet temperature is more than about 20 deg. F above the maximum expected ambient air temperature. They can be used with closer approach temperatures, but often become expensive compared to a combination of a cooling tower and a water-cooled exchanger.
Typically, an air-cooled exchanger for process use consists of a finned-tube bundle with rectangular box headers on both ends of the tubes. Cooling air is provided by one or more fans. Usually, the air blows upwards through a horizontal tube bundle. The fans can be either forced or induced draft, depending on whether the air is pushed or pulled through the tube bundle. The space between the fan(s) and the tube bundle is enclosed by a plenum chamber which directs the air. The whole assembly is usually mounted on legs or a piperack.
The fans are usually driven be electric motors through some type of speed reducer. The speed reducers are usually either V-belts, HTD drives, or right angle gears. The fan drive assembly is supported by a steel mechanical drive support system. They usually include a vibration switch on each fan to automatically shut down a fan which has become imbalanced for some reason
The air-cooled heat exchangers are mostly used when the plant location and the ambient conditions do not allow an easy and economic use of other cooling systems.
We are the leading manufacturers of Air heat exchangers in India.
Brazed Plate Heat Exchangers represent the most compact, rugged and cost-effective means of transferring heat in many industrial and refrigerant applications. Built from 316 stainless steel with copper brazing materials, they provide exceptional corrosion resistance. The SB-Series features corrugated plates that produce highly turbulent flow in a true counter-current direction.
This results in high efficiency and a very compact heat exchanger design. Due to the smaller size and reduced material content, they can be the most economical heat transfer choice.API Heat Transfer Brazed Plate Heat Exchangers are available for process and refrigeration applications. Made from stainless-steel plates and copper or nickel brazing materials, they are suitable for a wide variety of heat exchanger applications.
Water to Air Heat Exchanger are gadgets that several devices and plants use within order to shift heat from one medium to a different. Therefore regularly located, as they are part of a terrific variety of house appliances. Air conditioning units, ovens or outdoors wood central heating boilers all have this revolutionary product as part of their built. Additionally, a great variety of plants and oil refineries make use of high-temperature exchangers within their day-to-day operations.
The top-of-the-line known application for Water to Air heat exchangers is its use in household appliances.
A vertical shell and tube heat exchanger in which the tubes extend through oversized holes in a liquid distribution plate. Liquid flows through the holes and down each tube exterior surface as a falling film. A spacer or clip, desirably of wire, is placed in each hole around each tube to center the tube so that the film has a uniform thickness. The clip is self-locking and remains fixed securely in position. Vertical Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger is a heat exchanger that is derived from its parent Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger and it is most commonly all Industries which involves higher-pressure and Higher Temperature applications.
A set of tubes is called the tube bundle and can be made up of several types of tubes: plain, longitudinally finned, etc. Shell and tube heat exchangers are typically used for high-pressure applications (with pressures greater than 30 bar and temperatures greater than 260 C).[2] This is because the shell and tube heat exchangers are robust due to their shape.
They are commonly used in
A heat exchanger is a piece of equipment built for efficient heat transfer from one medium to another. The media may be separated by a solid wall, so that they never mix, or they may be in direct contact. They are widely used in space heating, refrigeration, air conditioning, power plants, chemical plants, petrochemical plants, petroleum refineries, natural gas processing, and sewage treatment. The classic example of a heat exchanger is found in an internal combustion engine in which a circulating fluid known as engine coolant flows through radiator coils and air flows past the coils, which cools the coolant and heats the incoming air.
Cryo-tek -100/AL is a blend of virgin (not recycled) propylene glycol and Hercules exclusive Triple Protection additives designed for use in hydronic heating and cooling closed loop piping systems (including PEX and radiant tube heating systems), ice melt and general heating systems where aluminum heat exchangers are installed.
Hercules Triple Protection additives provide outstanding protection against acid corrosion, scale and sedimentation formation in properly maintained systems containing recommended concentrations of cryo-tek Anti-Freeze.
Acid neutralizing agent protects by neutralizing corrosive acids.
Mineral Deposition Preventative eliminates scale formation on critical heat transfer surfaces, piping systems and equipment.
Mineral Sediment Preventative keeps minerals in solution, resisting formation of clusters of mineral salts and preventing particles from precipitating out of solution.
Used at recommended levels, all three agents work together to prevent bio film (slime) build-up.
Cryo-tek -100/AL may be used in systems fabricated with metal, plastics (except CPVC) and rubber piping, fittings, seals, and other parts.
Formulated for the maximum propylene glycol protection directly out of the container.
Certified Performance: Freeze Protection Down to -60F / -51C, Pumpable down to -70F / -57C, and Burst Protection Down to -100F / -73C.
Cryo-tek -100/AL can be diluted with water for less severe conditions.
A heat-exchanger system consisting of a bundle of U tubes (hairpin tubes) surrounded by a shell (outer vessel); one fluid flows through the tubes, and the other fluid flows through the shell, around the tubes.Multitherm can duplicate any existing bundle to include dimensions, materials and performance. we can build U tube bundles, straight tube floating tube bundles, or we can retube fixed tubesheet heat exchangers when the bundles is not removable. multitherm is not locked into any one material. Most bundles tend to be build with copper tubes and steel tubesheets
In nuclear power plants called pressurized water reactors, large heat exchangers called steam generators are two-phase, shell-and-tube heat exchangers which typically have U-tubes. They are used to boil water recycled from a surface condenser into steam to drive a turbine to produce power. Most shell-and-tube heat exchangers are either 1, 2, or 4 pass designs on the tube side.
A pressure vessel is a closed container designed to hold gases or liquids at a pressure substantially different from the ambient pressure.
The pressure differential is dangerous and many fatal accidents have occurred in the history of pressure vessel development and operation. Consequently, pressure vessel design, manufacture, and operation are regulated by engineering authorities backed by legislation. For these reasons, the definition of a pressure vessel varies from country to country, but involves parameters such as maximum safe operating pressure and temperature.
More complicated shapes have historically been much harder to analyze for safe operation and are usually far more difficult to construct.
Theoretically, a spherical pressure vessel has approximately twice the strength of a cylindrical pressure vessel.[1] However, a spherical shape is difficult to manufacture, and therefore more expensive, so most pressure vessels are cylindrical with 2:1 semi-elliptical heads or end caps on each end. Smaller pressure vessels are assembled from a pipe and two covers. A disadvantage of these vessels is that greater breadths are more expensive, so that for example the most economic shape of a 1, 000 litres (35 cu ft), 250 bars (3, 600 psi) pressure vessel might be a breadth of 914.4 millimetres (36 in) and a width of 1, 701.8 millimetres (67 in) including the 2:1 semi-elliptical domed end caps.
Kettle reboilers are very simple and reliable. They may require pumping of the column bottoms liquid into the kettle, or there may be sufficient liquid head to deliver the liquid into the reboiler. In this reboiler type, steam flows through the tube bundle and exits as condensate. The liquid from the bottom of the tower, commonly called the bottoms, flows through the shell side. There is a retaining wall or overflow weir separating the tube bundle from the reboiler section where the residual reboiled liquid (called the bottoms product) is withdrawn, so that the tube bundle is kept covered with liquid.Kettle reboilers are reliable in that they can handle high vaporization of up to 80 percent and are easy to maintain. The liquid from the bottom of the tower flows through the tube bundle and exits as condensate. A restraining device (baffle) controls the liquid level over the bundle.
A double pipe heat exchanger, in its simplest form is just one pipe inside another larger pipe. One fluid flows through the inside pipe and the other flows through the annulus between the two pipes. The wall of the inner pipe is the heat transfer surface. The pipes are usually doubled back multiple times as shown in the diagram at the left, in order to make the overall unit more compact.
The term hairpin heat exchanger is also used for a heat exchanger of the configuration in the diagram. A hairpin heat exchanger may have only one inside pipe, or it may have multiple inside tubes, but it will always have the doubling back feature shown.
Types of Double Pipe Heat Exchangers :-
1. Counter flow
2. Parallel Flow Heat Exchanger
1. Counter flow:-
The main advantage of a hairpin or double pipe heat exchanger is that it can be operated in a true counter flow pattern, To get More Efficiency, In the mean Time, it will give the highest overall heat transfer coefficient for the double pipe heat exchanger design.
2. Parallel Flow:-
Parallel Flow double pipe heat exchangers are focused to handle high pressures and temperatures applications. Also we can Achieve High Log mean Temperature using this.
3. Double Pipe Heat Exchanger Design:-
Determination of the heat transfer surface area needed for a double pipe heat exchanger design can be done using the basic heat exchanger equation: Q = UA Tlm, where:
Q is the rate of heat transfer between the two fluids in the heat exchanger in Btu/hr,
U is the overall heat transfer coefficient in BTU/hr-ft2-oF, Remove term:
A is the heat transfer surface area in ft2, and
Tlm is the log mean temperature difference in oF, calculated from the inlet and outlet temperatures of both fluids.
These parameters in the basic heat exchanger equation are discussed in and they are used in an example in After determination of the required heat transfer surface area, the diameter and length of the inner pipe can be selected and then the diameter of the outer pipe. Finally, the length of the straight sections and the number of bends can be selected.
A plate type heat exchanger is a type of heat exchanger that uses metal plates to transfer heat between two fluids. This has a major advantage over a conventional heat exchanger in that the fluids are exposed to a much larger surface area because the fluids spread out over the plates. This facilitates the transfer of heat, and greatly increases the speed of the temperature change. It is not as common to see plate heat exchangers because they need well-sealed gaskets to prevent the fluids from escaping, although modern manufacturing processes have made them feasible.
The concept behind a heat exchanger is the use of pipes or other containment vessels to heat or cool one fluid by transferring heat between it and another fluid. In most cases, the exchanger consists of a coiled pipe containing one fluid that passes through a chamber containing another fluid. The walls of the pipe are usually made of metal, or another substance with a high thermal conductivity, to facilitate the interchange, whereas the outer casing of the larger chamber is made of a plastic or coated with thermal insulation, to discourage heat from escaping from the exchanger. The plate heat exchanger (PHE) was invented by Dr Richard Seligman in 1923 and revolutionized methods of indirect heating and cooling of fluids.
Plate type heat exchanger one is composed of multiple, thin, slightly-separated plates that have very large surface areas and fluid flow passages for heat transfer. This stacked-plate arrangement can be more effective, in a given space, than the shell and tube heat exchanger. Advances in gasket and brazing technology have made the plate-type heat exchanger increasingly practical. In HVAC applications, large heat exchangers of this type are called plate-and-frame; when used in open loops, these heat exchangers are normally of the gasket type to allow periodic disassembly, cleaning, and inspection. There are many types of permanently-bonded plate heat exchangers, such as dip-brazed and vacuum-brazed plate varieties, and they are often specified for closed-loop applications such as refrigeration. Plate heat exchangers also differ in the types of plates that are used, and in the configurations of those plates. Some plates may be stamped with chevron or other patterns, where others may have machined fins and/or grooves.
Shell and tube heat exchangers consist of a series of tubes. One set of these tubes contains the fluid that must be either heated or cooled. The second fluid runs over the tubes that are being heated or cooled so that it can either provide the heat or absorb the heat required.
In this type, the tube sheets are completely welded to the shell and acted as shell flanges. The Floating type Heat Exchangers has the advantages of removability of tube bundle and access for cleaning both inner and outer side of tubes and shell.
Shell Tube Heat Exchanger is widely used in variety of application as a cooling solution. The most common amoung them is for cooling of Hydraulic Fluid and oil in engines, transmissions and hydraulic power packs. With the right coimbination of materials they can also be used to cool or heat other mediums, such as swimming pool water or charge air. One of the big advantages of using a shell and tube heat exchanger is that they are often easy to service, particularly with models where afloating tube bundle(where the tube plates are not welded to the outer shell) is available. Can also be used onfixed tube sheet heat exchangers
Marine heat exchangers are the most common way to cool a boats engine, using the lake, river or ocean water in which the boat floats. Since this water may be corrosive the engine may be cooled by a sealed mixture of distilled water and antifreeze. Heat from the water-antifreeze mixture is then transferred to the ocean (or lake or river) water which flows into a heat exchanger. The water-antifreeze mixture runs through the heat exchanger dumping heat, but remaining separate from corrosive salts and chemicals found in the water the boat is floating in. If the ocean water eventually corrodes and ruins the heat exchanger it can be replaced at a fraction of the cost of replacing the engine. To protect the marine heat exchanger from corrosive salts, a sacrificial zinc anode is screwed into the heat exchanger. This anode must be periodically replaced as part of regular maintenance. Because the water the boat floats in may be contaminated with floating particles such as wood or styrofoam balls the well designed boat will have a filter (often stainless steel mesh) to remove these particles before they are moved toward the heat exchanger. This filter must be periodically cleaned or else the flow of water to the heat exchanger will become obstructed and the engine will overheat.
Marine Uses:-
A water-jacketed exhaust manifold is necessary on marine engines to reduce the temperature of the engine-room air space and the exhaust pipe. If the exhaust manifold is in the sea-water circuit it should be installed with the sea-water inlet at the back and the outlet at the front on the top to ensure that it operates completely full of sea-water. If the manifold is in the fresh-water circuit a small by-pass hole must be provided in the thermostat to ensure that some water is circulating through the manifold at ail times.
Our development is to combine a water jacketed exhaust manifold with the heat exchanger and header tank. This arrangement is particularly suitable for small series-produced engines; the manifold is cooled by fresh water and as a result a keel-cooled engine can be made by omitting the heat exchanger tube stack and the sea-water pump. On installation the fresh-water outlet from the manifold would be connected to the keel pipes and the return taken back to the engine fresh-water pump. Heat exchanger/manifold assemblies are heavier than ordinary marine manifolds and must therefore be supported on the underside using the fixing lugs provided.
When automotive engines are being converted for marine use the existing centrifugal-type pump should be retained for the fresh-water circuit and an additional pump fitted for the sea-water circuit. The sea water pipe bore should be chosen so that the velocity does not exceed 2 m/sec on the suction side and 3 m/sec on the discharge side of the pump.
manufacturers of Plate finned type Heat Exchanger in India.A plate-fin heat exchanger is a type of heat exchanger design that uses plates and finned chambers to transfer heat between fluids. It is often categorized as a compact heat exchanger to emphasise its relatively high heat transfer surface area to volume ratio. The plate-fin heat exchanger is widely used in many industries, including the aerospace industry for its compact size and lightweight properties, as well as in cryogenics where its ability to facilitate heat transfer with small temperature differences is utilized.Plate-fin heat exchangers are generally applied in industries where the fluids have little chances of fouling. The delicate design as well as the thin channels in the plate-fin heat exchanger make cleaning difficult or impossible.
A plate-fin heat exchanger is made of layers of corrugated sheets separated by flat metal plates, typically aluminium, to create a series of finned chambers. Separate hot and cold fluid streams flow through alternating layers of the heat exchanger and are enclosed at the edges by side bars. Heat is transferred from one stream through the fin interface to the separator plate and through the next set of fins into the adjacent fluid. The fins also serve to increase the structural integrity of the heat exchanger and allow it to withstand high pressures while providing an extended surface area for heat transfer.
A high degree of flexibility is present in plate-fin heat exchanger design as they can operate with any combination of gas, liquid, and two-phase fluids. Heat transfer between multiple process streams is also accommodated, with a variety of fin heights and types as different entry and exit points available for each stream.
Coil Type Heat Exchanger is nothing but Copper tubes are artificial to special requirements as to dimensional tolerances, finish and tempers for use in condensers and heat exchangers. These copper heat exchanger tubes are normally supplied in straight length in annealed & half hard temper. The copper tubes shaped by are metal industries not only have the stiff tolerances but also have the most dependable dimensions throughout the tube length. The tube surface is clean both inside and outside with no caustic stains. The copper tubes produced by are metal industries are suitable to transfer heat in a wide variety of operating conditions and to refuse to accept decay for the longest period of time possible under the harshest operating circumstances.Coil type exchangers are more efficient than shell and tube exchangers for low flow rates. Due to their simple construction they are low in price and easy to clean on the shell side. Their thermal efficiency approximates that of a true countercurrent flow type exchanger. Condenserors are used for condensation of vapours and cooling of liquids. Condensers are made by fusing number of parallel coils in a glass shell. Coils are made in different diameters using tubes of different bores.
