N-butanol is a primary alcohol with a four-carbon structure. Its isomers include isobutanol, 2-butanol, and tert-butanol. N-butanol occurs naturally as a minor product of fermentation of sugars and carbohydrates. It is widely used in various food & beverages, and as an artificial flavoring agent. The largest use of n-butanol is as an industrial intermediate, specifically for the manufacture of butyl acetate, butyl acrylate, dibutyl phthalate, dibutyl sebacate, and other butyl esters and ethers. Other major industrial uses of n-butanol include the manufacture of pharmaceuticals, polymers, pyroxylin plastics, herbicide esters, and printing.