75% Manganese Dioxide (MNO2)

Applications:  High grade MNO2 effectively removes iron, manganese and hydrogen sulfide from natural waters. Water for industrial and domestic uses must be substantially iron and manganese free. In many countries it is a requirement that water for municipal use should not contain iron and manganese concentrations greater than 0.2 and 0.05 ppm respectively and preferably below 0.05 and 0.02 ppm. In certain industries like pulp and paper mills, tanneries, textile plants, dye houses and laundries, it is almost impossible to operate with iron or manganese bearing waters since they would produce objectionable stains, streaks, spots and off-colors on many manufactured products. Iron and manganese also foul ion exchange resins. Hence it ¡s necessary to include a pretreatment stage in most ion exchange processes.  High grade MNO2 is particularly effective. As a result of its catalytic properties it is used in conjunction with chlorine dosing, to reduce iron and manganese in water supplies to the extremely low levels mentioned. Alternative procedures such as aeration, chlorination and filtration cannot yield an effluent to the same standards of quality as obtained with High grade MNO2.  High grade MNO2 has unique characteristics in addition to its catalytic property which ensures maximum efficiency of the oxidizing agent employed, for example potassium permanganate, chlorine or dissolved oxygen. This results in superior rate of reaction and completeness of the oxidation. These properties together with its excellent filtration efficiency ensure good operating performance in the  In the same way that ion exchange resin has the capacity to exchange ions ,High grade MNO2 can exchange electrons. Thus, iron and manganese can be oxidized, so long as a supply of following: 

1. Oxidation/Reduction  Electrons remains. The electrons can be replaced, either by regenerating intermittently by adding an oxidizing agent such as chlorine or by dosing the oxidizing agent continuously. 
2. Catalysis  The catalytic effect ensures that the maximum use ¡s made of the oxidizing agent, which can be potassium permanganate, chlorine or dissolved oxygen.
3. Filtration  On account of the nodular form and the size distribution, a high contact area and good filtration characteristics are obtained.

Advantages

•  lt can take max iron concentrations up to 20 ppm
•  lt can reduce iron, Mn and H2S up to < 0.1 ppm
•  lt has no limitation of 15% dissolved oxidation
•  lt has no limitation of alkalinity and TDS in water
•  lt needs only periodic backwash with treated water
•  You can easily calculate the OBR of this system
•  lt can be operated at high temperatures and high differential pressures