Coaxial Cables

The essential function of coaxial cables is to transmit high frequency energy and signals with low loss, with reflectionless matching and without phase and amplitude distortion. For such transmission, characteristic impedance and attenuation are important concepts. characteristic impedance (zo) is determined by the ratio of dielectric od to conductor diameter, hence a large cable and a very small cable can have the same zobut the smaller cable will have higher losses. The problem in high energy transmission is the losses because of i) cable dielectric, ii) cable construction, iii) radiation, and iv) interference with adjoining circuits.