Free And Force Vortex Apparatus

The experimental set up consist of a circular transparent cylindrical tank in which four circumferential jets have been placed along the circumference of the cylinder near its bottom which helps in the formation of free vortex. (It is assumed that the torque exerted by these jets is negligible). The Orifice is provided with a reducing bush so that a reduced diameter can be investigated. The plate can also be rotated with the help of a variable speed motor so that the cylinder rotates about its vertical axis with the help of a V belt and forced vortex is formed. Conditions were allowed to steady state and the depth of flow at any particular point was observed not to change over a period of time. The experimental procedure involves measurement of the resulting free surface that represents the variation of the sum of the pressure head and datum head.