Gallnut

Gallnut is an oak tree fruit which is traditionally used in medicines but nowadays is used as natural dye for textile industry. Quercus infectoria or locally known as manjakani in malaysia and are mainly found in native of greece and asia minor,
these gallnuts contains highest constitute of naturally occurring tannins: gallotannin, ellagic acid, and glucose.
The main colouring constitute of gallnut is ellagic acid which is extracted first by grinding the gallnuts into powder form and then heated in water and adding other constitutes. Gallnut is used to dye any fibre like cotton, silk and wool and can create dark shades using madder or indigo on wool and silk.