Liver transplantation surgery is done to remove a diseased liver from the patient and to replace it with a healthy liver from organ donor. Liver Transplant is needed when the liver disease prevents the proper functioning of liver. Cirrhosis is a condition in which healthy liver cells gets damaged and replaced by scar tissue. Cirrhosis is the most common reason for liver transplants in adults. The most common reason for transplantation in children is biliary atresia, a disease in which the ducts that carry bile out of the liver are missing or damaged.
 
Indications for liver transplant include:

• Hepatitis B
• Hepatitis C
• Alcohol induced cirrhosis
• Autoimmune Hepatitis
• Liver tumors/Liver Cancer tumors
• Acute/fulminant liver failure

Complication:
In liver transplant surgery, as with any other surgical procedure, complications may arise after liver transplantation such as Bleeding, rejection, Hepatic Artery Thrombosis etc.
Bleeding
There is a small risk of bleeding from the place where the donor and recipient blood vessels were sewn together (Anastomosis site). This is minimized by monitoring clotting factors in the blood after surgery.

Rejection
The body of recipient recognizes new transplanted organ from donor as foreign body and the recipient’s immune cells (lymphocytes) can attack the transplanted organ. Most patients experience some degree of rejection, but it is usually easily reversed with medications. Rejection occurs when recipient body’s natural defences, called the immune system, damage the new transplanted liver. The receipent’s immune system keeps him healthy by fighting against things that don''t belong in his body, such as bacteria and viruses. After a transplant, it is common for recipient immune system to fight against the liver and try to destroy it.
Hepatic Artery Thrombosis:
A clot can form in the hepatic artery that can cause the liver to malfunction. We perform an ultrasound the day after surgery to look for this complication and monitor you throughout your postoperative course. If it is found then medications or surgical repair can minimize permanent damage and avoid the need for re-transplantation.
Infection
Your immune system is suppressed after a transplant making you more at risk for certain infections. Doctor will prescribe medications to prevent the more common post-transplant infections. You will need to monitor your temperature at home and make certain adjustments in your daily life to avoid harmful infections.

The first three months after transplant are the riskiest for getting such infections as the flu, so patients should follow these precautions:

• A fever that continues for more than 2 days
• Shortness of breath
• A cough that produces a yellowish or greenish substance
• Tell the doctor if you are exposed to any disease.
• Tell the doctor if a cold sore, rash, or water blister appears on the body or spots appear in the throat or on the tongue.
• Stay out of crowds and rooms with poor circulation.
• Stay away from soil, including those in which house-plants are grown, and gardens, during the three months following transplant.
• Take all medications as directed.

• Learn to report the early symptoms of infection.
• Wash hands after coughing or sneezing, and throw tissues into the trash immediately.
• Avoid handling animal waste and avoid contact with animals who roam outside. Do not clean bird cages or fish or turtle tanks or cat litter. The cat litter box should be covered and taken out of a patient's home before it is changed.
• If someone in the patient's family becomes ill with a cold of flu, have that individual follow normal precautions (use separate drinking glasses, covering their mouths when coughing, etc.)
• If the patient has a wound and must change his own dressing, wash hands before and after.

Liver transplantation surgery is done to remove a diseased liver from the patient and to replace it with a healthy liver from organ donor. Liver Transplant is needed when the liver disease prevents the proper functioning of liver. Cirrhosis is a condition in which healthy liver cells gets damaged and replaced by scar tissue. Cirrhosis is the most common reason for liver transplants in adults. The most common reason for transplantation in children is biliary atresia, a disease in which the ducts that carry bile out of the liver are missing or damaged.
 
Indications for liver transplant include:

• Hepatitis B
• Hepatitis C
• Alcohol induced cirrhosis
• Autoimmune Hepatitis
• Liver tumors/Liver Cancer tumors
• Acute/fulminant liver failure

Complication:
In liver transplant surgery, as with any other surgical procedure, complications may arise after liver transplantation such as Bleeding, rejection, Hepatic Artery Thrombosis etc.
Bleeding
There is a small risk of bleeding from the place where the donor and recipient blood vessels were sewn together (Anastomosis site). This is minimized by monitoring clotting factors in the blood after surgery.

Rejection
The body of recipient recognizes new transplanted organ from donor as foreign body and the recipient’s immune cells (lymphocytes) can attack the transplanted organ. Most patients experience some degree of rejection, but it is usually easily reversed with medications. Rejection occurs when recipient body’s natural defences, called the immune system, damage the new transplanted liver. The receipent’s immune system keeps him healthy by fighting against things that don''t belong in his body, such as bacteria and viruses. After a transplant, it is common for recipient immune system to fight against the liver and try to destroy it.
Hepatic Artery Thrombosis:
A clot can form in the hepatic artery that can cause the liver to malfunction. We perform an ultrasound the day after surgery to look for this complication and monitor you throughout your postoperative course. If it is found then medications or surgical repair can minimize permanent damage and avoid the need for re-transplantation.
Infection
Your immune system is suppressed after a transplant making you more at risk for certain infections. Doctor will prescribe medications to prevent the more common post-transplant infections. You will need to monitor your temperature at home and make certain adjustments in your daily life to avoid harmful infections.

The first three months after transplant are the riskiest for getting such infections as the flu, so patients should follow these precautions:

• A fever that continues for more than 2 days
• Shortness of breath
• A cough that produces a yellowish or greenish substance
• Tell the doctor if you are exposed to any disease.
• Tell the doctor if a cold sore, rash, or water blister appears on the body or spots appear in the throat or on the tongue.
• Stay out of crowds and rooms with poor circulation.
• Stay away from soil, including those in which house-plants are grown, and gardens, during the three months following transplant.
• Take all medications as directed.

• Learn to report the early symptoms of infection.
• Wash hands after coughing or sneezing, and throw tissues into the trash immediately.
• Avoid handling animal waste and avoid contact with animals who roam outside. Do not clean bird cages or fish or turtle tanks or cat litter. The cat litter box should be covered and taken out of a patient's home before it is changed.
• If someone in the patient's family becomes ill with a cold of flu, have that individual follow normal precautions (use separate drinking glasses, covering their mouths when coughing, etc.)
• If the patient has a wound and must change his own dressing, wash hands before and after.