Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
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Gum is derived from guar seeds or cyamopsis tetragonoloba termed as Guar Gum. Guar Gum can also be termed as guaran. These seeds have high low-shear viscosity as evaluated with other hydrocolloids like (locust bean gum). Guar Gums are effective thickeners and stabilizers.
Guar Gum is relatively cost effective as compared to other thickeners and stabilizers along with it being an effective binder, plasticizer and emulsifier. One of the important properties of guar gum, a polysaccharide, is that it is high on galactose and mannose. Guar gum is also known as guarkernmehl, guaran, goma guar, gomme guar and galactomannan.
Properties of Guar Gum
Fenugreek, being botanically called as Trigonella foenum-graecum is also known as Methi in Hindi. Fenugreek is an edible seed and hence its isolated gum is the latest addition to the list of galactomannan gums. Fenugreek is an annual crop, mainly cultivated in India. Fenugreek gums was not used in industries till 1990 but after that fenugreek had dual use by removing
the spice and other components and separate the unique galactomannan which is also known as fenugreek gum powder to be used in the industries. Currently fenugreek gum is having high demand as it is having considerable amount of applications in industries. Fenugreek being an annual legume plant, is native to the Mediterranean region but is also grown in Middle East, Asia and Africa. India is an important exporter of Fenugreek seeds. Moreover, in India fenugreek is used as a spice as well as in medicines also.
The fenugreek gum powder is tasteless and odourless. It contains galactomannan which is a polysaccharide made of galactose combined with mannan, high molecular compound of mannose. Galactomannan has the property of viscosity which can convert milk into ice cream, cocoa into chocolate and when dissolved in water it forms gum.
The ratio of galactose to mannose for fenugreek is 1:1 when compared to guar gum and locust bean gum having ratio of 1:2 and 1:4 respectively, it can be found that fenugreek gum powder contains more galactose and so has superior solubility as well as dispersiveness which results to forming of stable colloid for a longer period of time. As Mannan is hydrophobic, it is completely insoluble in water. But, as fenugreek gum powder is the combination of galactose which is hydrophilic and mannan which is hydrophobic, fenugreek gum is surface active. It means
that fenugreek gum powder is an emulsifier which can mix water and oil. Thus, fenugreek gum works as a gum and an emulsifier both which has enabled its use as a stabilizer for food. Compared to other conventional gums like guar gum and locust bean gum, fenugreek gum has superior characteristics and so is used in many industries.
Locust bean gum derived from the seeds of locust bean. It is obtained through a series of several processes such as crushing the seeds, filtering the crushed seeds and then the endosperm present in the seeds is removed separately by grinding process. Later on the endosperm obtained from the bean seeds will be processed to get gum powder and then finally packed.
Locust bean gum powder contains the following properties,
The thickening and viscous property make this product stay suitable for several manufacturing industries and some of the important industrial applications of Locust extract are,
Food Industry-It is used in food processing industry to thicken food products such as ice creams, cheese condiments, bakery products, baby foods, desserts, sausages, salads, fruit extract syrup, etc. Cosmetic Industries- Cosmetic product production finds locust gum powder to be a best ingredient in making lotion, creams, etc.
Pet food- Locust gum powder is applied as a thickening agent in pet food production. It is considered as an important ingredient for the same.
Carrageenan is an extracted product from plant tissue and there are different types of gelling agent formed with it and kappa is one among them. Kappa Carrageenan has pure gelling property that is found to be greatly suitable for food production industry. Kappa is a compatible gelling agent that can work out efficiently on boiling and cold industrial productions. It is also a good stabilizing agent that can control the structure of water molecules. It was used as a prime component used in pudding preparation since the time it had been in use in places like Hawaii.
Carrageenan extracts from red such as girgartinaceae, hypaneaceae, etc have been identified to produce gelling, stabilizing and viscous properties. They are used for commercial purpose for their properties. The extraction of gum from these is a long process. The are dried first and washed perfectly and then sent to alkaline extraction process to separate the natural ingredient from the extract. Kappa Carrageenan is a specific extract from a red algae called kappaphycus alvarezii wherein, it belongs to the carrageenan algae family and also a commercial source. This particular sea is dissolved into an aqueous liquid and pure kappa is obtained by filtering the other materials stick to i
