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Packaging Details : Automation & Smart Control
Modern HVAC systems are often integrated with BMS (Building Management System) or IoT-based smart controllers.

HVAC system is a mechanical and control infrastructure that regulates indoor temperature, humidity, and air quality to maintain thermal comfort and healthy conditions in buildings. It includes heating, ventilation, and air conditioning processesall managed either manually or automatically.

Functions of HVAC Systems
Function Description
Heating Raises indoor temperature using heat exchangers, boilers, or heat pumps
Ventilation Replaces/stabilizes air via exhaust fans, ducts, or fresh air intakes
Air Conditioning Cools indoor air, removes humidity using refrigerants and compressors

Types of HVAC Systems
Split HVAC Systems (Ductless or Ducted)
Separate indoor & outdoor units

Used in homes, small offices, server rooms
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Central HVAC Systems
Uses ducting to supply conditioned air throughout the building

Ideal for large commercial, retail, hospital, or office complexes

VRF/VRV Systems (Variable Refrigerant Flow)
Multiple indoor units controlled by one outdoor unit

Energy-efficient, scalable, zoning capabilities

Chiller-Based Systems
Chilled water plants for large-scale cooling

Used in malls, airports, factories

Packaged Units (AHU + Condensing Unit)
Self-contained units for rooftops or commercial use

Geothermal HVAC
Uses underground thermal energy for heating/cooling

High efficiency, low maintenance

Main Components
Component Function
Compressor Pressurizes refrigerant to move through the system
Condenser Coil Releases heat outside (cooling function)
Evaporator Coil Absorbs heat from indoor air (cooling function)
Blower Fan / AHU Circulates air through ducts
Thermostat User interface to control set temperature
Ductwork / Diffusers Delivers air to different zones
Air Filters Remove dust and particles from intake air
VFDs / PLCs / Sensors Control airflow, temperature, humidity
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HVAC Applications
Sector Use Case
Industrial Cooling for production, server rooms, CNC areas
Commercial Office climate control, malls, auditoriums
Healthcare Operating rooms, labs with HEPA filtration
Residential Villas, apartments with ductless splits
Hospitality Guest room ACs, banquet halls, lobbies

Automation & Smart Control
Modern HVAC systems are often integrated with BMS (Building Management System) or IoT-based smart controllers.

Thermostat Automation Scheduled temperature settings
Zone Control Separate control for each room/zone
VFD Integration Energy savings by variable fan speed
Remote Monitoring Via app or SCADA system
CO / VOC Sensors Improve indoor air quality
Fault Alarms / Predictive Maintenance Reduce downtime, extend equipment life
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Cooling Capacity 1 TR 500 TR (ton of refrigeration)
Airflow Rate 300 10, 000 CFM (cubic feet per minute)
Efficiency Rating COP 2.5 4.5 / EER / ISEER
Noise Level 35 65 dB (residential vs industrial)
Power Supply 230V (residential) / 415V (industrial)



Split AC (ductless) 12 TR
Ducted Split System
VRF/VRV Systems
Central Chiller Plant 50500 TR
AHU (Air Handling Units) 100010, 000 CFM
BMS or PLC Automation Panel

design complexity, and control system used.

Key Design Considerations
Building load calculation (ASHRAE/ISHRAE standards)

HVAC zoning layout

Duct design and pressure drop

Fresh air intake and exhaust requirement

Air filtration grade (G4 to HEPA)

Energy efficiency targets (green building, IGBC/LEED)


ASHRAE 62.1 / 90.1 Ventilation & energy efficiency
ISHRAE Guidelines Indian design standards
NBC 2016 (India) Ventilation codes for buildings
IEC 60335-2-40 Safety of HVAC appliances
ISO 16813 / 50001 Energy efficiency and management

Benefits of a Modern HVAC System
Energy-efficient climate control

Improved indoor air quality

Comfort with automated temperature & humidity

Smart building integration

Reduced maintenance with predictive diagnostics

Green building compliance


leelavati automation

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